Indigenous Societies
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
This Indigenous group formed one of the earliest political confederacies and lived in longhouses in the Northeast.
What are God, Gold, and Glory?
These three motivations for exploration stood for God, Gold, and Glory.
What is Jamestown?
This was the first permanent English colony in North America, founded in 1607.
What is the Enlightenment?
This movement emphasized reason, natural rights, and challenged traditional authority.
What is the French and Indian War?
This war left Britain in debt and led directly to new taxes on the colonies.
What is Cahokia (the Mississippian civilization)?
This civilization built massive earthen mounds and became the largest urban center north of Mexico.
What is Portugal?
This country focused on trade routes and coastal trading posts instead of large colonies.
What is tobacco?
This cash crop transformed Virginia’s economy and increased the demand for labor.
Who is John Locke?
This Enlightenment thinker argued that people are born with natural rights like life, liberty, and property.
What is “No Taxation Without Representation”?
This phrase summed up colonial anger over being taxed without a voice in Parliament.
Who are the Pueblo people?
These people adapted to desert life by building adobe homes and using irrigation systems.
What is Spain?
This European power built a large empire in the Americas and used the encomienda system.
What is the headright system?
This system gave colonists land in exchange for paying a worker’s passage to the colonies.
What is the Great Awakening?
This religious revival encouraged emotional worship and questioned church authority.
What is the Boston Tea Party?
This protest occurred after the Tea Act and led to harsh punishment from Britain.
Who are the Sioux?
After the introduction of horses, this Plains group became nomadic buffalo hunters.
What is France?
This nation relied heavily on alliances with Native Americans for the fur trade.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This representative assembly was the first of its kind in colonial America.
What is mercantilism?
This economic system existed to make the mother country wealthy by controlling colonial trade.
What are the Battles of Lexington and Concord?
These battles marked the beginning of armed conflict between Britain and the colonies.
What is the Pacific Northwest region?
This region’s tribes relied on salmon and cedar trees and held potlatch ceremonies.
What are economic causes of exploration?
The desire to bypass Muslim and Italian middlemen was an example of this cause of exploration.
What are the New England Colonies?
These colonies were founded mainly for religious reasons and emphasized moral order and education.
What is triangular trade?
This trade system connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas and included the Middle Passage.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
This document was the colonies’ first attempt at a national government.