Definitions
An individual's consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving.
Traits
basic biological unit that transmits characteristics from one generation to the next
Genes
Extraversion and introversion lie along a ________
Continuum
our sense of morality and oughts
Superego
Field developed in the 1950s to counter psychoanalytic theories of personality by embracing the notion of free will
Humanistic psychology
Traits
the study of genes at the molecular level
Molecular genetics
Model for personality that uses honesty, emotional stability, agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness
HEXACO model
the largely conscious controller or decision-maker of personality
Ego
the set of beliefs about who we are
Self-concept
The ability to direct or inspire others to achieve goals
Leadership
the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism
Most widely administered personality test in the world that categorizes people into one of four categories
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
the component of personality that forms the basis of our most primitive impulses
Id
our positive feelings about the self
Self-esteem
Barnum effect
innate, species-specific biological force that impels an organism to do something
338-question inventory that uses subscales to create a description of the test-taker's personality, often used to evaluate candidates for high-responsibility jobs (police, pilots)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
unconscious psychological strategies used to cope with anxiety and to maintain a positive self-image
Defense mechanisms
the motivation to develop our innate potential to the fullest possible extent
Self-actualization
Big Five personality trait characterized by responsibility, organization, self-discipline, and a strong work ethic
Conscientiousness
the study of familial or hereditary behavior patterns and the genetic mechanisms of behavior traits
Behavioral genetics
A personality model that uses conscientiousness, openness, neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion to calculate one's personality
Five-Factor Model (or big five)
Theories that are based on Freudian principles that emphasize the role of the unconscious but place less evidence on sexuality as the primary motivating force in personality
Neo-Freudian
A theory and model proposing that individuals are motivated to fulfill five levels of needs (self-actualization, self-esteem, love and belonging, safety and security, physiological needs) arranged in a pyramid
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs