Vocabulary
What is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element?
Atom
What is the mass number of an atom with 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons?
35
Which type of chemical bond is the strongest in the body
What are the four phases of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telephase
Protein Synthesis
Energy stored by matter due to its position
Potential energy
An atom that has lost an electron and is now positively charged
Cation
Which property of water allows it to moderate body temperature?
High heat capacity
This cell organelle increases the surface area of the cell
Microvilli
Which reaction type is usually catabolic and exergonic?
Decomposition
Substances that will dissolve into H+ ions if they are dissolved in water
Acids, bases, and salts
What are the four classes of macromolecules?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
What is protein denaturation?
Loss of a protein's structure, destroying its function.
Which lipid forms the structural basis of cell membranes?
Phospholipids
This enzyme inhibition process works by resembling the substrate and blocking the active site
Competitive Inhibition
A protein on the plasma membrane that extends all the way across the lipid bilayer
Integral protein
Which four elements make up about 96% of the human body’s mass?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
List the components of a holoenzyme
Apoenzyme
Inorganic cofactor or organic coenzyme
Active site
What process involves using symporters and antiporters?
Active Transport
Which step of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondrial matrix?
Kreb's Cycle
Programmed cell death
Apoptosis
What is the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds
Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond
What type of mixture scatters light but does not settle out?
Colloid
Region of a coding sequence on mRNA that is not needed and is cut out during transcription
Intron
Carbon Dioxide
Water
ATP