Lipids and Cholesterol
This type of cholesterol is known as “bad cholesterol” because it contributes to atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Low Density Lipoproteins(LDL)
Excess intake of this mineral contributes to fluid retention and elevated blood pressure.
Sodium
This heart-healthy diet emphasizes olive oil, nuts, whole grains, and fish.
Mediterranean diet
Elevated levels of this blood lipid are an independent risk factor for pancreatitis and CVD.
Triglycerides
These fatty acids found in fish reduce triglyceride levels and cardiovascular risk.
Omega-3 fatty acids
This lipoprotein is considered protective against coronary artery disease.
High Density Lipoproteins(HDL)
The DASH diet stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop this condition.
Hypertension
This dietary pattern is rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy and reduces blood pressure.
DASH diet
This amino acid, when elevated, is associated with endothelial dysfunction.
Homocysteine
This vitamin acts as an antioxidant but supplementation has not consistently reduced CVD risk.
Vitamin E
Diets high in this type of fat increase LDL levels and cardiovascular risk.
Saturated Fats
The recommended daily sodium intake for hypertensive patients is generally less than this amount.
2 grams per day
This type of fiber helps lower LDL cholesterol by binding bile acids in the intestine.
Soluble fiber
Insulin resistance is a key feature of this syndrome associated with cardiovascular disease.
Metabolic syndrome
This mineral is essential in controlling vascular tone and cardiac rhythm.
Magnesium
These fats are most strongly associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and should be eliminated.
Trans Fats
This electrolyte counteracts sodium’s effect and helps reduce blood pressure.
Potassium
Replacing saturated fats with this type of fat improves lipid profile.
Unsaturated fats
Chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis involves accumulation of these lipid-filled macrophages.
Foam cells
Plant compounds such as flavonoids are classified under this broad category.
Phytochemicals
This index reflects the total atherogenic lipoproteins and is calculated as total cholesterol minus HDL.
Non-HDL cholestrol
High sodium intake increases blood pressure primarily by expanding this physiological parameter.
Extracellular Fluid volume or Plasma volume
This plant-based dietary pattern excludes all animal products and has been shown to reduce LDL cholesterol
Vegan diet
Oxidation of this lipoprotein plays a central role in plaque formation.
Oxidized LDL
This coenzyme is involved in mitochondrial energy production and studied in heart failure.
Coenzyme Q10