Transposition of the great arteries
In 1966 I performed the first balloon atrial septostomy.
Bill Rashkind
This medication allows neonates with HLHS to survive to surgical repair.
PGE2
First described in 1962 by Swedish biochemist Sune Bergstrom
FDA approved in 1977, first described in HLHS in 1979 by Steven Yabek and Jeremy Mann (Albuquerque, NM).
This procedure was first performed in 1971 as a "repair" for tricuspid atresia, paving the way for future single ventricle palliation.
Fontan
Frances Fontan and Eugene Baudet published in Thorax. First patient was 12 years old. Did a superior cavopulmonary anastomosis to the RPA, closed the ASD, and anastomosed the right atrium to the RPA (neo LPA).
This device first received FDA approval for PDA closure in premature infants in 2019.
Abbott Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder
Approved for PDA closure in infants as small as 700 grams (though some centers will go as small as 500 grams)
In 1938 Robert gross performed the first surgical repair for CHD on this lesion.
Patent ductus arteriosus
7-year-old girl, lived to be 89.
Blalock and Hanlon first performed this operation (off bypass) for the first successful "treatment" of d-TGA in 1950.
Blalock-Hanlon atrial septectomy
Vivien Thomas conceived this idea and performed it in animal models in the late 1940s.
I developed the initial surgical procedure allowing for staged palliation of HLHS.
Bill Norwood (BCH)
Reported the first successful procedure in 1983. Discharged home on POD#18.
This man developed the first operation to treat "blue babies" in 1958.
William Wallace Lumpkin Glenn
First reported connecting the SVC to the RPA in 1958
In 1959 his team first introduced the idea of electrical stimulation of excitable tissue by radiofrequency induction (used for cardiac pacing, diaphragm pacing for central hypoventilation and diaphragm paralysis from cervical cord injuries).
First surgeon elected president of AHA
In 1972 King and Mills performed this procedure in a vain 17-year-old.
ASD device closure
17-year-old consented to the procedure because she didn't want a scar.
In 1953 John Gibbon performed the first open heart surgery using this machine.
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Closed an ASD in an 18-year-old at Thomas Jefferson Medical College Hospital. On bypass for 45 minutes. She was the only survivor in 4-6 attempts.
The initial surgical correction for d-TGA
Atrial switch
Ake Senning performed the first successful atrial switch using atrial flaps in Sweden in 1957
William Mustard performed an atrial switch using pericardium to create atrial baffles at The Hospital for Sick Children in 1963. This quickly became the preferred strategy as it was technically much easier than the Senning.
I succefully developed a modification to the mBTT shunt that offered the theoretical advantage of less diastolic run-off.
Shunji Sano
Published in 2003, 19 infants with 89% hospital survival and 62% overall survival (similar to traditional Norwood).
This alternative to conventional stage 1 palliation was first described in 1993.
Hybrid stage 1 palliation
Reported on 4 infants in Leeds and Newcastle by J L Gibbs who underwent PA banding and ductal stent placement. Two passed away within two weeks.
Mark Galantowicz and John Cheatham modified the operation to include surgical placement of an MPA sheath for ductal stenting and coined the term hybrid palliation in 2005.
This German physician is credited with performing the first heart catheterization.
Werner Forssmann
Forssmann convinced Gerda Ditzen, a surgical nurse at a hospital near Berlin, to be his first human guinea pig (the year he passed his medical boards)
She held the keys to the closet, which was needed to obtain a long enough catheter.
Nurse Ditzen was strapped to the surgical table
Dr. Forssmann gave himself local anesthesia and inserted a long ureteral tube into his arm.
She help him get to XR department without anyone seeing the catheter.
Under fluoroscopic guidance, he advanced remainder of the catheter into his right atrium and took an XR to document his accomplishment
Forssmann won the Nobel prize in 1957
His son (Wolf Forssmann) was the first to isolate atrial natriuretic peptide
Known as the mother (or godmother) of pediatric cardiology, she came up with the idea of a systemic to pulmonary shunt.
Helen Taussig
First successful mBTT shunt was done in 1944. By the end of the 1940s nearly 900 had been performed.
She was also essential in banning thalidomide (used in 1950s and 60s to treat morning sickness). Earned presidential medal of freedom for this work in 1964.
Named president of the AHA in 1965 (first woman).
I introduced a new technique that simplified RVOT reconstruction in 1981, eliminating the need of a prosthetic conduit.
Yves Lecompte
This landmark study compared mBTT shunts to Sano shunts.
The Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial
5/2005-7/2008-Randomized controlled trial at 15 centers, >500 patients. Transplant-free survival at 1 y of age with RV-to-PA conduit was 73.3%, 63.6% in mBTT shunt. No significant difference in long term (mean f/u 32 months).
Schranz et al reported on their experience trying to avoid surgeons entirely by placing these in 2020.
Pulmonary artery flow restrictors.
Reported on 6 patients, 4 underwent comprehensive stage II, 1 underwent biventricular repair, and 1 underwent transplant.
Surgical closure of the PDA was the first described surgical repair of CHD in 1939. The first transcatheter closure was performed in this year (within 3 years is correct).
1967
The first transcatheter PDA closure was described in Germany.
This surgery was first performed in 1984, allowing survival from conditions such as cardiomyopathy.
Heart transplant
Elizabeth Craze was 2 years old at the time of transplant (Stanford). Her older brother had a transplant before her at the age of 16. She is still alive (with her original transplant).
I performed the first anatomical correction of d-TGA in 1975.
Adib Dominos Jatene. Brazilian surgeon (Lebanese).
First patient passed away due to renal failure after 3 days. 2nd patient discharged after 3 weeks. The next 5 patients passed away within hours of surgery. Aldo Castaneda and his colleagues from BCH introduced the idea of the neonatal ASO based on their experience with 14 infants in 1984.
This collaboration (now defunct) profoundly improved interstage care of patients with single ventricle heart disease (initially HLHS).
National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC)
Lead to decreased mortality, improved feeding, identifying and improving gaps in care based on SDH
Now SV-ONE-recognition that collaboration needed beyond interstage (combined NPC-QIC and FON)
This alternative to surgical systemic to pulmonary shunt was first described by JL Gibbs in 1992.
Ductal stenting
2 neonates with pulmonary atresia
Complications of the procedures included perforation of a peripheral pulmonary artery and cardiac perforation, both caused by guide wire manipulation
Both babies died suddenly, one at five weeks, and the other at nine days after successful stenting of the duct. Both ducts were patent at necropsy; the exact cause of one death was not clearly defined, but the second seemed to be caused by pneumococcal septicemia.
This man developed and performed the first transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation.
Phillip Bonhoeffer
First human valve implant (Medtronic Melody valve) was in 2000
First US IDE implant in 2007
FDA approval in 2010 for Humanitaria device exemption (HDE)
FDA Premarket approval of Melody valve in 2015
This man was credited with first describing congenital heart disease.
A drawing of Leonardo da Vinci from the 15th century depicted partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.