The Scientific Method
What is the correct order of the scientific method?
Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analyze Results, Conclusion
Which research method involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another?
Experiment
What is the purpose of random assignment?
To reduce bias and ensure groups are similar
Which research method compares different groups at a single point in time?
Cross-Sectional Study
Which step of the scientific method involves making a testable prediction?
Form a Hypothesis
What is the main purpose of an experiment in psychology?
To establish cause-and-effect relationships
Which research method allows scientists to determine cause-and-effect relationships?
Experiment
A psychologist studies one famous patient with a rare brain injury to understand memory loss. This is an example of:
Case Study
In an experiment, the independent variable is best described as the variable that is:
Changed or manipulated
A psychologist observes children playing in a playground without interacting. This is an example of:
Naturalistic Observation
In the hypothesis below, what is the dependent variable?
“Students who listen to classical music while studying will score higher on memory tests than students who study in silence.”
Test performance
A correlational study finds that people who exercise more tend to sleep better. What is true about this finding?
There is a relationship, but causation cannot be determined
The dependent variable in an experiment is the variable that is:
Measured as the result
Which of the following is a limitation of surveys?
Participants may give biased or inaccurate answers
In the same hypothesis, which group is the experimental group?
Students who listen to classical music while studying
What is a strength of the experimental method compared to non-experimental methods?
Allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect
Why is a control group important in an experiment?
It provides a comparison group
A researcher studies the same group of people over 10 years to track changes in memory. This method is called:
Longitudinal Study
Replication is important in scientific research because it:
Confirms results by repeating the experiment
Which of the following is a limitation of naturalistic observation?
Researchers cannot control variables