Primary/Secondary Growth
The direction of primary growth
Where is upwards?/What is lengthening?
What vascular bundles consist of: _ and _
What are the xylem and phloem?
The type incapable of secondary growth
What is a monocot?
The time taken for an annual ring to form
How long is a year?
A type of tuber often seen in fast foods
What is a potato?
The purpose of secondary growth
How does secondary growth increase stem thickness, allowing plants like trees to grow tall and live for many years?
All functions of the stem
How does the stem support the plant, transport materials, and produce new tissues?
The type that does not have a distinct cortex and pith
What is a monocot?
The two types of wood, split by their type of xylem
What are heartwood and sapwood?
Aboveground stem that have a slender structure that twines around structures, allowing plants to slowly climb
What are tendrils?
The common name of the secondary xylem accumulated during secondary growth
The three basic tissue systems formed by primary growth
What are dermal, ground, and vascular tissue?
Tissue present throughout the entire structure of monocots
What is ground tissue?
The physical characteristics of herbaceous stems
What are soft, green, and flexible stems that don't require much wood?
Flattened stem that performs photosynthesis in the absence of leaves
Cladophyll
Vascular cambium and cork cambium
The difference between nodes, internodes, and buds
How do nodes produce leaves and branches, internodes elongate the stem, and buds grow leaves, branches, or flowers?
Tissue present between the xylem and phloem in dicots
The substance present in woody stems that allow for its hard, rigid structure
What is lignin?
Short, vertical, swollen solids that serve like storage organs
What are corm-based stems?
The meristem where primary growth occurs
What is the apical meristem?
All products of Cork Cambium
What are cork parenchyma, phelloderm, and periderm?
All characteristics of stems in dicots
How do dicots have their vascular bundles are located in rings, have a distinct cortex and pith, have vascular cambium present between the xylem and phloem, and are capable of secondary growth?
5 examples of woody stems
(so long as they're all valid)
All functions of a rhizome
How do Rhizomes store starch and proteins and facilitate asexual reproduction?