Movements
What movement decreases the angle at a joint?
Flexion
What contraction occurs when a muscle shortens while producing force?
Concentric
What is another name for the agonist?
Prime Mover
What is the origin of a muscle?
Attachment to the stationary bone
What is the ability of a muscle to shorten called when stimulated?
Contractibility
Which muscle fibre type is predominantly used in a 100m sprint?
Fast Twitch/Type 2
moves in one direction (e.g. elbow, knee)
Hinge Joint
Which movement takes a body segment or limb away from the midline?
Abduction
What contraction occurs when a muscle lengthens while producing force?
Eccentric
What is the role of the antagonist during movement?
Relaxes to allow movement
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Attachment to the moving bone
What is the ability of a muscle to stretch beyond it’s resting length without damage called?
Extendibility
Which muscle fibre type is predominantly used in a marathon
Slow Twitch/ Type 1
moves in all directions (e.g. shoulder, hip)
ball and socket
When performing a basketball rebound, what movement occurs at the ankle during take-off?
Plantar Flexion
During the downward phase of a squat, what contraction is occurring in the quadriceps?
Eccentric
During a hamstring curl, what muscle group acts as the antagonist?
Quadriceps
During a bicep curl, which attachment point moves toward the shoulder?
Insertion
What skeletal muscle characteristic allows controlled landing from a jump?
Elasticity
Which muscle fibre type produces greater force output
Fast Twitch/Type 2
allows rotation (e.g. neck, radioulnar joint)
Pivot Joint
When chewing on a piece of steak what two movement are occurring?
Elevation and depression
When holding a wall sit at 90° knee flexion, what contraction is occurring in the quadriceps?
Isometric
During a basketball jump shot (upwards phase), which muscle group is the agonist for the plantar flexion of the ankle?
Gastrocnemius
What type of connective tissue connects muscle to bone?
Tendons
Name the three characteristics of skeletal muscle and provide a sporting example of with they are vital.
Extendibility: A gymnast performing the splits
Elasticity: A high jumper during take off.
What causes the red colour of type II muscle fibres?
Increased blood flow to these fibres (myoglobin in the blood)
bones slide over each other (e.g. carpals in the wrist)
Gliding Joint
Name 12 different movements
Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Circumduction
Pronation
Supination
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
Abduction
Adduction
Elevation
Depression
Protraction
Retraction
A contraction in which the muscle changes length while producing force, resulting in movement at a joint.
Agonist: Deltoids
Antagonist: Latissimus Dorsi
A muscle that assists the agonist (prime mover) to produce movement and helps stabilise the joint.
Which characteristic allows a muscle to recoil after being stretched during a countermovement jump?
Elasticity
Which fibre type fatigues first during maximal effort?
Fast Twitch/ Type II
allows grasping movement (e.g. thumb)
Saddle Joint