Trait Approach
An aspect of personality that is reasonably stable over time.
Trait
Father of the Psychodynamic movement
Sigmund Freud
He developed a hierarchy of needs.
Abraham Maslow
This approach explains everything as relating to early childhood experiences or hidden, unconscious desires.
Psychodynamic
projective test consisting of ten symmetrical inkblots
Rorschach Test
The is comprised of five personality dimensions Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
The Big 5
This is the part of the mind that is governed by the pleasure principle and lacks impulse control
Id
According to Maslow, this is the highest state a person can attain, reaching full potential
self-actualization
This personality theory includes internal and external locus of control
Cognitive
This is the concept of feeling inadequate and insecure; according to Freud, women will always have this.
Inferiority complex
This test identified 16 basic types of human personality
MBTI or Myers-Briggs
This is part of the mind that functions according to the moral principle
Superego
This is the first (lowest) rung n the hierarchy of needs
Physiological needs
Theory of personality supports the view that people have free will and can make the best choices for their own improvement
Humanist
conflict during phallic stage in which boys supposedly love their mothers romantically and want to eliminate their fathers as rivals
Oedipus complex
Personality Trait that refers to someone who is reliable and organized, completes tasks on time, and does what they say are going to do.
Conscientiousness
Defense Mechanism where people see their own faults in other people
Projection
This is consistency between one's concept of their ideal self and their real self.
Congruence
People’s behavior and thus their personalities are learned responses through reinforcement, both positive and negative, from their environment
Behaviorism theory
The phenomenon that occurs when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them (more so than to others), despite the fact that the description is actually filled with information that applies to everyone.
The Barnum effect
A personality trait that refers to someone who is not very emotionally balanced, has mood swings and can easily overreact emotionally.
Neurotic
A defense mechanism where people transfer an impulse from a threatening object to a less threatening one
Displacement
Carl Rogers said that one can not become self-actualized if he/she does not receive this…
unconditional positive regard
This theory explains differences in people by factors such as time management, personal space, and a focus on individual vs group harmony.
Sociocultural
Belief in your own abilities
Self-efficacy