Attachment
He proposed that infants are biologically predisposed to form attachments as a survival mechanism.
Who is John Bowlby?
His experiments with wire and cloth surrogate mothers demonstrated the importance of contact comfort.
Who is Harry Harlow?
Erikson’s stage for infants centers around “trust vs.” this.
What is mistrust?
From a developmental psychopathology perspective, identity diffusion increases vulnerability to this personality organization commonly discussed in psychiatry.
What is borderline personality organization?
Freud believed that personality is driven by unconscious processes and these three structures.
What are the id, ego, and superego?
She designed the “Strange Situation,” the gold‑standard research paradigm for assessing infant attachment styles.
Who is Mary Ainsworth?
This phenomenon, demonstrated by Konrad Lorenz, describes how certain animals form immediate bonds with the first moving object they see.
What is imprinting?
According to Erikson, older adulthood focuses on “integrity vs.” this psychological state.
What is despair?
Marcia expanded Erikson by measuring identity formation using these two variables.
What are exploration and commitment?
The cognitive triad consists of negative beliefs about these three domains.
What are self, world, and future?
This attachment style is characterized by distress on separation and difficulty being soothed upon reunion.
What is anxious-ambivalent (resistant) attachment?
Mary Main identified this attachment style using the Adult Attachment Interview.
What is disorganized attachment?
Erikson’s second stage centers on developing autonomy versus this negative outcome.
What is shame and doubt?
A person exhibiting no exploration and no commitment is in this one of Marcia’s statuses.
What is identity diffusion?
This parenting style is associated with the best psychosocial outcomes across cultures.
What is authoritative parenting?
This attachment classification is most associated with later dissociation and trauma exposure.
What is disorganized attachment?
These strategies involve heightened proximity‑seeking in attachment, often seen in anxious attachment.
What are hyperactivating strategies?
Erikson described adolescence as the stage of resolving this developmental conflict.
What is identity vs role confusion?
James Marcia’s term for a person who has not explored options but has committed to a role or identity.
What is foreclosure?
Automatic thoughts represent rapid activation of these deeper belief systems.
What are core beliefs/schemas?
According to Bowlby, this developmental process explains how early caregiver relationships become templates for later relationships.
What are internal working models?
These strategies involve emotional suppression or distancing, as seen in avoidant attachment.
What are deactivating strategies?
A 40‑year‑old says: “I want to leave something meaningful behind for the next generation.”
What is generativity?
In Marcia’s theory, this status involves active exploration without commitment.
What is moratorium?
The developmental capacity to understand another person’s mental state is called this.
What is theory of mind?