Wind
Wind moves from _____-pressure areas toward _____-pressure areas?
High/Low
What type of current, driven mainly by wind, sits at the top 10% of ocean water?
Surface Current
What process turns liquid water into water vapor and adds it to the atmosphere?
Evaporation.
Name the process by which warm air rises and cool air sinks, creating circulation in the atmosphere.
Convection Currents
Besides temperature, what property of seawater affects its density and helps drive deep ocean currents?
Salinity (amount of salt in water)
Name the process where water vapor cools and changes back into liquid droplets forming clouds.
Condensation
What is the main cause of wind patterns around the globe?
The uneven heating of Earth's surface
Describe surface currents near the equator.
Surface currents along the equator run parallel (east-to-west) due to the Trade Winds and the absence of the Coriolis force at 0° latitude.
Explain how the Sun and gravity drive the movement of water from the ocean to the land and back. (One or two sentences.)
The Sun heats ocean water so it evaporates; gravity causes precipitation and runoff that return water to oceans.
What name is given to the steady wind that blows from the ocean toward the land during the day because land heats faster than water?
Sea breeze
Describe (in one or two sentences) how warm surface water and cold deep water interact in a convection current.
Warm water rises at the surface and colder water sinks below; this vertical movement helps drive circulating currents.
Explain runoff as it relates to the water cycle
The movement of water across the land surface into streams, rivers, and lakes, eventually back to the ocean.
Explain how the Coriolis effect influences wind direction on Earth
Earth's rotation causes moving air to curve (right in NH, left in SH), altering wind direction.
Explain how differences in salinity and temperature combine to form the global conveyor‑belt.. Include the roles of density, sinking, and rising water.
Differences in temperature and salinity change water density; cold, salty water becomes dense and sinks, pulling surface water along and creating a global circulation (thermohaline conveyor) that moves water and heat around the planet.
Explain the similarities and differences between transpiration and evaporation.
Transpiration and evaporation both transfer liquid water into atmospheric vapor. Transpiration occurs in living plants, while evaporation happens from open bodies of water.