Monomers & Polymers
What is the general term for a large organic molecule made up of repeating units?
Macromolecules
A reaction that removes water to form bonds between molecules, and a reaction that use water to break bonds between molecules are?
Dehydration synthesis (Condensation reaction) and Hydrolysis.
What is the monomer of Proteins
Amino Acid
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of Carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
A small building block joins together to form a larger molecule.
Monomers
This bond is found in Protein.
Peptide bond
What happens during the secondary structure of Proteins?
This level of structure includes the local folding because of the polypeptide backbone interactions (no side chain involved), creating structures like alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheets.
What are some examples of Nucleic Acids?
DNA and RNA
What makes Triglycerides?
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acid
When many monomers join, they form?
Polymers
What bond links monosaccharides together?
Glycosidic Linkage
This protein-level structure involves the full 3D folding of a polypeptide chain.
Teritiary Structure
In RNA, Thymine is replaced with?
Uracil
A type of polysaccharide found in plants cell wall.
Cellulose
What is a monosaccharides?
What bond is found in Triglyceride?
Ester linkage
What bonds hold the alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet structures together in the secondary level?
Hydrogen Bond
What is the helical measurement of DNA?
The DNA double helix has a width of 2nm, with 10 base pairs per 3.4nm, and the distance between adjacent base pairs is 0.34nm.
Fats that have no double bond, and fats that do have double bonds are?
Saturated fats have no double bond in their fatty acid chain, and unsaturated fats have at least one double bond in their fatty acid chain.
What are the macromolecules?
Carbohydrate, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic Acid
The bond that connects nucleotides in DNA and RNA.
What is Protein Denaturing?
This process occurs when a protein loses its shape due to its bonds being disrupted by heat, pH changes, and salinity, changing its function.
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate is a version of nucleotides that has 2 extra phosphate groups, which provides energy for many protein activities, like movement.
This simple sugar is found in RNA
Ribose