Foot and Ankle Anatomy
How many phalanges can be found in one foot?
14
This tendon, the strongest in the body, attaches the calf muscles to the heel.
Calcaneal tendon (aka: Achilles Tendon)
This device analyzes heart rhythm and delivers a shock if needed.
What is an AED
A fracture caused by repetitive stress rather than a single traumatic event.
What is a stress fracture
Define Good Samaritan law
laws found in all states that protect volunteers from being sued. Includes obtaining consent, using common sense and refusing any compensation for actions.
How many tarsals are there?
7
Define Distal vs. Proximal
Proximal refers to being closer to the center of the body or point of attachment (e.g., the shoulder is proximal to the elbow). Distal refers to being farther away from that point (e.g., the fingers are distal to the elbow)
What is the breath to compression rate for adult CPR
30 compressions to 2 breaths
The acronym RICE stands for this treatment method.
Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation
This type of burn is characterized by blisters and damage to both the epidermis and dermis.
What is a second-degree (partial-thickness) burn?
What are the two muscles that make up the calf muscle?
Soleus and Gastrocnemius
These are the five long bones in the middle of the foot that connect the tarsals to the phalanges.
Metatarsals
What does AED stand for?
Automated External Defibrillator
What is the "shin bones" anatomical name?
Tibia
This life-threatening allergic reaction may require epinephrine.
What is anaphylaxis
What is the anatomical name of the "ankle bone"
Malleolus
This bone forms the heel.
What is the calcaneus
Heart Attack vs. Cardiac Arrest
Cardiac arrest is an "electrical" malfunction causing the heart to suddenly stop beating, leading to immediate collapse and loss of consciousness. A heart attack is a "circulation" problem where blocked blood flow prevents oxygen from reaching the heart muscle
an intense involuntary muscle contraction secondary to injury. Often viewed as the injured body part’s attempt to splint itself to prevent further injury.
What is a muscle spasm
This position is used for an unconscious but breathing victim.
What is the recovery postion
Name the tarsals
Navicular, Cuboid, Cuneiform (3), Talus, and Calcaneous
The distal tibia sits on what tarsal bone?
Talus
Ventricular Tachycardia vs. Ventricular fibrillation
V-tach is a fast, organized rhythm that may allow for some blood flow, while V-fib is a rapid, chaotic, and disorganized quiver that results in no cardiac output, leading to immediate cardiac arrest
What are the five stages of grief?
Bargaining, Acceptance, Denial, Depression and Anger
While most sudden cardiac arrest victims need a shock, this cardiac rhythm—characterized by a total lack of electrical activity—is "non-shockable"
Asystole