Climate & Environment
This line around Earth most strongly influences Africa’s climate zones and farming patterns.
What is the Equator?
These physical features helped trade networks grow by allowing transportation and coastal trade.
What are major rivers and coastlines?
African empires often controlled these to gain wealth and influence.
What are trade routes?
European competition to control Africa during the late 1800s is known as this.
What is the Scramble for Africa?
Apartheid laws controlled this aspect of life based on race in South Africa.
What is where people could live, work, and go to school?
This climate type near the equator causes the Congo Basin to have dense rainforests.
What is a tropical wet climate?
These natural barriers in Africa limited movement and sometimes isolated cultures.
What are mountains and dense rainforests?
This religion spread across Africa mainly through trade networks connecting merchants and cities.
What is Islam?
Many African country borders are straight lines because they were created during this period.
What is European colonization?
During apartheid, laws enforced this type of system.
What is racial segregation?
Africa’s large size and this geographic location explain why it has so many different climates.
What is being near the Equator?
This factor most influences where people live in Africa today.
What is access to water, resources, and jobs
Controlling these was more important than controlling large territories for many African empires.
What are trade routes?
Kwame Nkrumah criticized the fact that African borders were drawn without considering these.
What are ethnic and cultural groups?
In 1960 South Africa, this racial group made up the second smallest population group.
What is Indian?
Scientists study this landform in East Africa because it shows tectonic plates separating.
What is the Great Rift Valley?
These environments slowed movement across Africa but concentrated trade into specific routes.
What are deserts?
European industrial economies wanted Africa mainly for this economic reason.
What is raw materials for industry?
This long-term effect of colonization still impacts Africa today.
What are the political borders that divide ethnic groups?
This system separated communities into different areas based on racial categories.
What is apartheid?
These harsh environments limited movement across Africa but helped create important trade routes like the Trans-Saharan trade.
What are deserts?
This factor shaped early African civilizations by influencing settlement, trade routes, and access to resources.
What is geography?
This historical system removed millions of Africans, weakening societies and populations.
What is the Atlantic slave trade?
European exploration and colonization reshaped Africa’s borders, trade systems, and this key economic factor.
What are natural resources?
Cultural beliefs about race during apartheid created this unequal social system.
What is racial hierarchy / racial inequality?