Metals, NM, ML
Which type of elements are found on the staircase?
Metaloids
These are vertical columns on the periodic table that contain elements with similar properties.
Families/ groups
This type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons and becomes positively charged.
Cation
This trend describes how much energy is required to remove an electron from an atom.
Ionization energy
An atom that loses electrons becomes smaller than its neutral atom
cation
These elements are usually dull, brittle (if solid), and poor conductors of electricity.
non-metals
Elements in this family rarely react with other elements because their outer electron shells are full.
Noble gasses
This type of ion forms when an atom gains electrons and becomes negatively charged.
anion
Atomic radius increases as you move in this direction on the periodic table.
down a group and to the left across a period
This element family contains the most reactive metals on the periodic table.
alkali metals
Elements like silicon and germanium fall into this category because they conduct electricity under certain conditions.
metalliods
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine belong to this periodic family known for forming −1 ions.
halogens
An oxygen atom gains two electrons to form this ion.
O2-
Why does atomic radius increase down a group
Atoms become larger as you move down a group because additional electron shells are added.
If an element forms a 3+ ion, what has happened to the electrons in its valence shell
lost 3
T/F “All elements on the left side of the periodic table are metals.”
False, hydrogen is a nonmetal
Elements within the same periodic family have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of these.
Valence electrons
Calcium loses two electrons when forming an ion. This is the charge of the ion it forms.
2+
This element has the lowest electronegativity on the periodic table.
Fr
An element located in Group 17 and Period 3 would most likely form this ion.
cl-1
What is wrong with this statement?
“Metals are brittle and tend to break easily when hit.”
Metals are typically malleable and ductile, meaning they bend or flatten instead of breaking.
Elements in this family form cations, with a charge of +2
Alkali Earth metals
write the ion formation of Si
Si 4+ or Si 4-
Why does metal reactivity increase down a group?
Metals become more reactive as you move down a group because their valence electrons are held less tightly.
An element is located in Group 2 and Period 3. It will most likely lose electrons when reacting. Predict the ion it forms and whether the ion will be larger or smaller than the neutral atom.
Mg²⁺, and the ion is smaller than the neutral atom