Unit 7 Review - Evolution

Natural Selection

100

____________ is based on observations while ____________ is based on facts. 

Theory; Law

200

This is a type of selection done by humans to achieve a specific traits in a species. 

Artificial Selection

300

This man was the first to propose the theory of evolution after a trip to the Galapagos Islands. 

Charles Darwin

400

Charles Darwin published this book in 1859. 

The Origin of Species

500

Name the 4 conditions required for natural selection. 

1.Overproduction of offspring

2. Variation

3. Adaptation

4. Descent with Modification

Evidence of Common Ancestry

100

This is a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time. 

Evolution

200

Anatomy is the study of ____________ of an organism and physiology is the study of ____________ of an organism. 

Structure; Function

300

What are the 4 main types of evidence we look for to determine if evolution has taken place? 

1. Anatomy

2. Embryology

3. Biochemistry

4. Paleontology 

400

These are traits organisms have that result from sharing common ancestry that have similar structures, but different functions. 

Homologous Structures

500

This is a type of phylogenetic tree that shows relationships between species based on observable characteristics. 

Cladogram 

Adaptations Resulting from Evolution

100

This is the observable change in the allele frequencies of a single population over a small period of time. 

Microevolution

200

This is the type of natural selection in which intermediate phenotypes are selected over phenotypes at both extremes. 

Stabilizing Selection

300

This is the type of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is selected over another extreme phenotype, shifting the mean towards one extreme. 

Directional Selection

400

This is the type of natural selection in which both extreme phenotypes are favored, while individuals of the intermediate phenotype are selected against. 

Disruptive Selection

500

This is the process in which two species evolve in response to change in each other over time. 

Coevolution

Environmental Affects on Evolution

100

Living factors of the environment are referred to as ____________ and nonliving factors of the environment are referred to as ____________. 

Biotic; Abiotic

200

This is the movement of alleles from one population to another. 

Gene Flow

300

This is the change in allele frequencies due to chance. 

Genetic Drift 

400

This occurs when a population splits and two or more species diverge from a single existing species. 

Speciation

500

This is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a small number of individuals become isolated from the original population and colonize a new area. 

Founder Effect