1
Is any condition in which the normal structure or functions of the body are damaged or impaired
disease
Some diseases may be _________________ meaning they do not present any noticeable signs or symptoms.
ASYMPTOMATIC or SUBCLINICAL
Is any disease caused by the direct effect of a pathogen.
Infectious disease
Meaning they are capable of being spread from person to person through either direct or indirect mechanisms.
communicable disease
Transmission of diseases from animals to humans.
Zoonotic Disease
Is the successful colonization of a host by a microorganism.
Infection
This can cause disease in a host regardless of the host’s resident microbiota or immune system.
Primary Pathogen
Period which occurs in an acute disease after the initial entry of the pathogen into the host (patient).
Incubation
the degree to which an organism is pathogenic
Virulence
•The ability of a microbial agent to cause disease.
Pathogenicity
This can only cause disease in situations that compromise the host’s defenses, such as the body’s protective barriers, immune system, or normal microbiota.
Opportunistic
Disease for which the cause is unknown
Progressive, irreversible loss of function
Degenerative Disease
During this stage, the patient generally returns to normal functions, although some diseases may inflict permanent damage that the body cannot fully repair.
•PERIOD OF CONVALESCENCE
An anatomic site through which pathogens can pass into host tissue is called a
Portal of Entry
Pathogens can also enter through a breach in the protective barriers of the skin and mucous membranes. Pathogens that enter the body in this way are said to enter by the ____
Parenteral Route
cyto-
cell
-lysis
destruction
-emia
of the blood
For a pathogen to persist, it must put itself in a position to be transmitted to a new host, leaving the infected host through a_____
portal of exit
•are molecules (either proteins or carbohydrates) found on the surface of certain pathogens and bind to specific receptors (glycoproteins) on host cells.
Adhesins
-itis
inflammation
Abnormal growth (benign or malignant)
Neoplastic
In a ____ infection, a localized pathogen, or the toxins it produces, can spread to a secondary location.
Focal
The causal pathogen goes dormant for extended periods of time with no active replication
Latent disease