Rhetorical Appeals
The appeal to logic and reasoning in an argument.
Logos
The author's decision to use specific types of language.
Word Choice
A direct comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as".
Metaphor
Placing two contrasting ideas close together for effect.
Juxtaposition
The author's attitude toward the subject.
Tone
The appeal to trust and credibility.
Ethos
The arrangement and structure of sentences.
Syntax
A type of figurative language where something nonhuman is given human qualities.
Personification
Omitting conjunctions between parts of a sentence.
Asyndenton
The emotion or atmosphere created in the reader.
Mood
The appeal that targets the audience's emotions.
Pathos
The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.
Anaphora
A brief reference to a person, place, or event -- often historical, literary, or pop culture.
Repeating a structure or grammatical pattern for emphasis.
Parallelism / Parallel Structure
A tone appears to be serious, but is actually incredibly sarcastic with the intent to expose a social injustice / issue.
Satire
"My father was a brave man who always had our best interests at heart. We never went a day without food or shelter because of his efforts to raise us well."
A question posed without expecting an answer.
Rhetorical Question
A statement that appears contradictory but reveals a truth.
Paradox.
Talking to someone who isn't actually present or speaking to an inanimate object/idea.
Apostrophe
When the tone changes, it is called a tonal ____.
Shift
Statistically, more people are likely to die in a car crash than a plane crash, so a fear of flying is largely irrational.
Logos
Two or more clauses balanced against each other by reversal of structure
Chiasmus
A figure of speech in which an object represents a larger idea.
Synechdoche
Placing an object in the wrong time period, often with the effect of absurd humor.
Anachronism.
The author's distinctive use of language and structure.
Style