Phenomenology
The broad focus of any phenomenological study.
What is understanding how human beings make sense of their lived experience?
This is the goal of grounded theory research.
What is to generate a theoretical explanation of a social process or phenomenon?
Narrative inquiry focuses on studying this form of human expression to understand how people make meaning of their experiences.
What are stories (or narratives)?
Ethnography focuses on studying the shared practices of this type of group.
What is a culture-sharing group?
Participatory Action Research emphasizes collaboration between researchers and these individuals who are affected by the issue being studied.
Who are community members/participants?
Phenomenological researchers often ask participants to describe their experiences in rich detail through this common data collection method.
What are in-depth interviews?
Grounded theory researchers typically collect and analyze data simultaneously using this iterative process.
What is the constant comparative method?
In narrative research, the researcher often analyzes experiences in terms of these three dimensions: time, place, and this relational dimension.
What are social interactions?
This immersive data collection strategy involves researchers spending extended time observing and participating in a community or setting.
What is participant observation?
PAR is designed not only to generate knowledge but also to create this type of practical change in communities.
What is social change (or community change/action)?
In phenomenological research, this process involves setting aside or suspending the researcher’s assumptions about the phenomenon being studied.
What is bracketing?
This key analytic process in grounded theory involves breaking data into parts, comparing them, and grouping them into categories.
What is open coding?
This type of data commonly used in narrative inquiry includes life histories, personal accounts, and autobiographical stories.
What are life stories or personal narratives?
Ethnographers often produce this type of detailed description that captures the context, behaviors, and meanings within a culture.
What is thick description?
This key principle of PAR involves sharing decision-making power between researchers and participants.
What is shared power (or collaborative decision-making)?
This is the goal of phenomenology: identifying the shared core meaning or structure of a lived experience across participants.
What is the essence of the experience?
This sampling strategy involves collecting additional data specifically to refine or elaborate emerging categories in grounded theory.
What is theoretical sampling?
Narrative researchers often examine how individuals construct meaning through this element that organizes events into a coherent account.
What is plot (or story structure)?
DAILY DOUBLE
This type of ethnography is a self-reflective method where the researcher analyzes their own personal experiences to gain insight into wider social and cultural contexts.
PAR research typically follows a cyclical process of planning, acting, observing, and this final step.
What is reflection?
The profession that phenomenological inquiry was born in.
DAILY DOUBLE
This researcher developed the constructivist approach to grounded theory research, known as Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT).
Narrative inquiry is often used by researchers to understand these three things.
What are identity development, meaning making, and lived experience over time?
In ethnography, the goal is often to understand the shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, and language within this type of cultural group.
What is a culture-sharing group (or cultural system/community)?
PAR is often rooted in this broader philosophical orientation/paradigm that emphasizes empowerment, social justice, and community transformation.
What is critical theory (or critical/transformative paradigm)?