Process & Lifecycle
This structured process includes the phases of Planning, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance.
What is the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
In requirements engineering, these types of requirements describe what the system should do, while these describe how it should perform.
What are Functional and Non-functional requirements?
This principle suggests you should "Keep It Simple, Stupid" and avoid unnecessary complexity.
What is KISS?
This type of testing focuses on individual components or modules of code in isolation.
What is Unit Testing?
In Git, this is the area where you organize and prepare changes before committing them to the repository.
What is the Staging Area?
In Scrum, this person acts as a facilitator, removing impediments and protecting the team from distractions.
Who is the Scrum Master?
This architecture pattern separates an application into three interconnected parts: Model, View, and Controller.
What is MVC?
This OOP principle bundles data and methods together and restricts direct access to an object's internal components.
What is Encapsulation?
"Are we building the product right?" refers to this, while "Are we building the right product?" refers to this.
What are Verification and Validation?
This SQL command is used to retrieve data from a database, and it is often combined with this clause to specify which columns to return.
What are SELECT and FROM?
This 1-4 week time-boxed iteration in Agile is intended to deliver a shippable increment of a product.
What is a Sprint?
In the WRSPM model, this term refers to real-world conditions we cannot control but must accept, like laws or regulations.
What are World Assumptions?
This acronym stands for "You Aren't Gonna Need It" and advises against adding functionality before it is necessary.
What is YAGNI?
This is the name for a flaw or error in a software program that causes it to produce an incorrect result.
What is a Software Defect (or Bug)?
This is a set of rules and protocols that allows one software application to interact with another, acting as a messenger.
What is an API (Application Programming Interface)?
This term describes the implied future cost of choosing a quick and easy solution now instead of a better approach that would take longer.
What is Technical Debt?
This type of UML diagram shows the static structure of a system, while this type shows the dynamic behavior.
What are Structural (Static) and Behavioral (Dynamic) diagrams?
This design principle suggests building classes by combining simpler, independent components ("has-a") rather than relying on deep inheritance hierarchies ("is-a").
What is Composition over Inheritance?
The Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) begins with this phase, where testers analyze the project's requirements.
What is Requirement Analysis?
In a database, this is a unique identifier for each record, while this creates a link between two tables by referencing that identifier.
What are a Primary Key and a Foreign Key?
This principle, part of the Agile Manifesto, values "individuals and interactions" over processes and tools.
What is one of the four core values of the Agile Manifesto?
This architecture pattern structures an application as a collection of small, independent services, each focusing on a single business capability.
What are Microservices?
This OOP concept allows an object to take on many forms, enabling one interface to be used for a general class of actions.
What is Polymorphism?
This Git command uploads your local commits to a remote repository, while this command fetches changes from a remote repo and merges them into your local branch.
What are git push and git pull?