ECSC/Foundations
This French Foreign Minister’s 1950 declaration is considered the "birth certificate" of the European project.
Who is Robert Schuman?
This 1957 treaty officially established the European Economic Community (EEC).
What is the Treaty of Rome?
Margaret Thatcher famously demanded this back during the 1984 Fontainebleau summit.
What is "My Money" / The British Rebate?
Britain famously refused to join this common currency area.
What is the Eurozone/Euro?
This was the official date (day, month, and year) of the Brexit referendum.
What is June 23, 2016?
The 1951 treaty created a community to manage these two specific raw materials, essential for war and industry.
What are Coal and Steel?
This French President famously vetoed Britain’s application to join the EEC twice.
Who is Charles de Gaulle?
In a 1990 House of Commons speech, Thatcher famously shouted these three words in response to Jacques Delors’ plans for more union.
What is "No! No! No!"?
Britain did not sign this 1985 agreement, which abolished internal border checks between many European countries.
What is the Schengen Agreement?
This three-word slogan was the primary message of the "Vote Leave" campaign.
What is "Take Back Control"?
This "Father of Europe" and businessman was the first president of the ECSC High Authority.
Who is Jean Monnet?
Before joining the EEC, the UK helped start this rival group (EFTA) because they didn't want to give up too much of this "S-word" (independence).
What is Sovereignty?
During the 1975 referendum on staying in the EEC, Thatcher wore a famous piece of clothing featuring the flags of member states.
What is a jumper/sweater?
This 1992 treaty transformed the EEC into the European Union and granted Britain several key "opt-outs."
What is the Maastricht Treaty?
This type of Brexit involves leaving the Single Market and the Customs Union entirely.
What is a "Hard Brexit"?
These six countries, often called "The Inner Six," were the original members of the ECSC.
Who are France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg?
The 1957 Treaty of Rome created a "Common Market," which meant there would be no more of these taxes on goods moving between member countries.
What are Tariffs / Customs Duties?
In this 1988 speech, Thatcher stated she had not rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain only to see them re-imposed by a European super-state.
What is the Bruges Speech?
While most of Europe uses the Euro, the UK famously kept this historic currency.
What is the Pound Sterling?
This UKIP leader was a key figure in the "Leave.EU" campaign and spent decades campaigning for withdrawal.
Who is Nigel Farage?
This 1951 treaty, named after the French capital, officially created the European Coal and Steel Community
What is the Treaty of Paris?
When the UK finally joined in 1973, it was part of the first "enlargement," which also included these two other countries.
What are Ireland and Denmark?
This President of the European Commission was Thatcher’s primary ideological antagonist regarding "Social Europe."
Who is Jacques Delors?
The UK refused to join this "____ Chapter" of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty because they didn't want the EU to set labor laws/workers' rights.
What is "Social"?
This Prime Minister called the referendum in an attempt to settle divisions within the Conservative Party.
Who is David Cameron?