Blood Basics
What are the three main parts of the circulatory system?
blood, blood vessels, and the heart
Which blood component is biconcave and carries oxygen?
red blood cells
What does “double circulation” mean?
blood passes through the heart twice throughout one circuit of the body
Which vessel carries blood away from the heart?
artery
Name the top chambers of the heart.
atria
What are the three functions of the circulatory system?
transport, protection, and warmth
Which blood cells produce antibodies?
lymphocytes
Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
right side
Which vessel has valves?
vein
Name the bottom chambers of the heart.
ventricles
What is the function of blood?
to transport substances around the body
Which cells engulf and digest microorganisms?
phagocytes
Which side pumps blood around the body?
left side
Which vessel has walls one cell thick?
capillary
Which vessel brings deoxygenated blood into the right atrium?
vena cava
What waste gas is carried in the blood plasma?
carbon dioxide and urea
What is the liquid part of blood called?
plasma - yellow coloured liquid
Why must blood go to the lungs first?
to pick up oxygen
Which vessel has the highest pressure? How does the structure of the vessel help this?
artery
Thicker walls, with many elastic fibres
narrow lumen
What prevents blood flowing backwards in the heart?
valves
How much blood does the average human body contain?
about 5.5 litres
Which component of blood helps at a wound and how?
Platelets, helps blood to clot at a wound
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?
to allow blood to be pumped at high pressure around the body
Why are capillaries described as “leaky”?
to allow diffusion of substances from blood flowing through the capillaries into body cells and tissues
Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
pulmonary vein