Reconstruction & Citizenship
This amendment abolished slavery.
What is the 13th Amendment?
These laws restricted African American freedom after the Civil War.
What are Black Codes?
This 1877 agreement ended Reconstruction.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
This wave of racial violence occurred after WWI.
What is the Red Summer?
This cultural movement emphasized Black pride and expression.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
This amendment defined citizenship and equal protection.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This system required farmers to give a portion of crops to landowners.
What is sharecropping?
These laws enforced racial segregation.
What are Jim Crow laws?
This concept describes living with “two identities” in a racist society.
What is double consciousness?
This migration moved African Americans from the South to Northern cities.
What is the Great Migration?
This amendment protected voting rights regardless of race.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This system forced prisoners into labor, often targeting Black men.
What is convict leasing?
This Supreme Court case legalized “separate but equal.”
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This book by W.E.B. Dubois explores Black identity and racism.
What is The Souls of Black Folk?
This global war helped create new job opportunities for African Americans.
What is World War I?
This was one way African Americans rebuilt family life after slavery.
What is reuniting families / legalizing marriages / forming independent households?
Black Codes mainly limited this economic opportunity.
What is land ownership / economic independence?
These tools were used to prevent Black voting.
What are literacy tests, poll taxes, grandfather clauses?
This strategy focused on improving the race through education and leadership.
What is racial uplift?
This leader promoted Black nationalism and founded the UNIA.
Who is Marcus Garvey?
This major weakness limited the impact of the 15th Amendment.
What is lack of enforcement / rise of voter suppression tactics?
These systems kept African Americans in long-term poverty.
What is debt peonage / exploitative labor systems?
This group used terror to suppress Black rights.
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
Black women advanced communities through these efforts.
What is club movement / education / activism / suffrage work?
Afro-Caribbean migration strengthened this global idea.
What is Pan-Africanism / global Black identity?