Ancient Foundations
This Greek city-state is known as the "Birthplace of Democracy."
This system of government in the Middle Ages was based on land ownership and loyalty.
Feudalism
This word means "rebirth" and refers to the period of artistic and intellectual growth in Europe.
Renaissance
This revolution began in Great Britain and changed how goods were made—from hand to machine.
Industrial Revolution
During the Enlightenment, thinkers believed this (the ability to think logically) could solve all problems.
Reasoning
After being a Republic, this empire eventually controlled almost all of Europe and the Mediterranean.
Roman Empire
This deadly disease, also called the Black Death, killed nearly one-third of Europe’s population.
Bubonic Plague
He is the Renaissance "Polymath" who painted the Mona Lisa and designed flying machines.
Leonardo Da Vinci
The 1789 Revolution in this country ended the monarchy and executed King Louis XVI.
French Revolution
This English thinker argued that all people are born with "Natural Rights" like life and liberty.
John Locke
This religion became the official religion of the Roman Empire under Emperor Constantine.
Christianity
This Frankish king was crowned "Emperor of the Romans" in 800 AD and united much of Western Europe.
Charlemagne
Johannes Gutenberg invented this, which allowed books to be produced quickly and cheaply.
Printing Press
This "Little Corporal" became Emperor of France and conquered much of Europe in the early 1800s.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This philosopher proposed the "Separation of Powers" (three branches of government).
Baron de Montesquieu
These "City-States" were the independent political units of Ancient Greece, such as Sparta.
Polis
These were a series of military "Holy Wars" fought between Christians and Muslims over the Holy Land.
Crusades
Martin Luther started this movement when he protested against the practices of the Catholic Church.
Protestant Reformation
This term describes the movement of people from rural farms to crowded cities for factory jobs.
Urbanization
This political system calls for the workers to own and control the means of production to create equality.
Socialism
This was the long period of "Roman Peace" and stability that lasted for about 200 years.
Pax Romana
Signed in 1215, this "Great Charter" limited the power of the English King for the first time.
Magna Carta
This Polish astronomer argued that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system.
This group of workers often faced 12-hour days and dangerous conditions during the Industrial Era.
Proletariat (Working Class)
He wrote The Communist Manifesto and predicted a revolution where workers would overthrow the wealthy.
Karl Marx