Forms of Energy
What are the two main forms of energy?
Kinetic and potential
What are atoms made of?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is electric current?
Flow of electric charge
What is a circuit?
A closed path for electricity to flow
Name one renewable energy source.
Solar, wind, or hydro
Name two types of energy (e.g., chemical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, nuclear).
Any 2
What charge does each particle have?
P +
N ()
E-
What is the difference between AC and DC current?
AC changes direction, DC flows one way
What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?
Series = one path; Parallel = multiple paths
What is a non-renewable energy source?
Energy that cannot be replaced quickly (e.g., fossil fuels)
What does the First Law of Energy say?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed
What happens when like charges meet?
repel
What is a conductor? Give one example.
Material that lets electricity flow (e.g., copper)
When would you use a parallel circuit?
In homes so devices work independently
What is a turbine?
A spinning machine that generates electricity
Who introduced the idea behind the First Law of Energy and what year?
Albert Einstein 1907
What is static electricity?
Build-up of electric charge on an object
What is an insulator? Give one example.
Material that resists electricity (e.g., rubber)
What is a resistor?
device that slows down the current
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of nuclear power.
Advantage: lots of energy; Disadvantage: dangerous waste
Give an example of energy transformation in everyday life.
electrical → thermal in a toaster as example
How is lightning formed?
Build-up of static charge in clouds that discharges
What is a short circuit?
Electricity takes an unintended path with little resistance
How does an electric bell work?
Uses an electromagnet to move a hammer that rings the bell
Name a famous nuclear accident.
Chernobyl disaster or Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster or 3 Mile Island