Learning and Conditioning
Learning through association between two stimuli
What is classical conditioning?
Brain structure involved in fear and anger
What is the amygdala?
State of mental tension or worry
What is stress?
Goals that are specific, measurable, actionable, rewarding, and time-bound
What are SMART goals?
Created the Strange Situation experiment (babies and attachment styles)
Who is Mary Ainsworth?
Learning through rewards and punishments
What is operant conditioning?
Brain region responsible for impulse control
What is the prefrontal cortex?
Disorder linked to reduced sunlight in winter
What is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?
Debate about genes vs environment
What is nature vs. nurture?
Expanded Freud’s work on defense mechanisms
Who is Anna Freud?
Adding a reward to increase behavior
What is positive reinforcement?
Hormone linked to increased aggression
What is testosterone?
Delaying tasks due to low motivation or overwhelm
What is procrastination?
Positive emotion linked to happiness and stronger relationships
What is gratitude?
First woman APA president, self-psychology
Who is Mary Whiton Calkins?
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior
What is negative reinforcement?
Brain system activated by rewarding experiences
What is the reward system?
Treatment using artificial light for SAD
What is light therapy?
Brain region strengthened through gratitude for emotional control
What is the prefrontal cortex?
Doll study influencing Brown v. Board
Who is Mamie Phipps Clark?
Researcher known for the “Little Albert” experiment
Who is John B. Watson?
Neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward
What is dopamine?
Cycle where procrastination increases stress and worsens mental health
What is the procrastination–stress cycle?
Aggression involving gossip or exclusion
What is relational aggression?
Studied false memories
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?