Tragedy of the Commons
In our first Marine Fishieries activity, why did the total claim exceed the total number of Swedish fish?
The rules of the game encouraged people to think only of immediate benefit, which could be gained only by the players with the largest claims and provided no benefit – and therefore no incentive - to those who made small claims.
What is one type of fish that is fished for commercially?
Many correct answers....
Which fishing methods has the least amount of bycatch?
Hook & line
What is bycatch?
Catching unwanted species while fishing
What method is the most effective at catching scallops?
Dredge
What is the tragedy of the commons?
When a shared resource is overused and eventually depleted because individuals act in their own self interest
What is one type of fish that is raised through aquaculture?
Salmon, tilapia, trout, carp, barramundi and more
Which fishing methods cause little or no habitat damage? Name at least 2
Hook and line, trolling, longline, midwater trawl, purse seine
Name two benthic fish species
Cod, haddock, flounder, halibut, skate....
What fishing method has the greatest impact on aquatic habitats?
Bottom trawling
Why are ocean fisheries considered a common resource?
Because no one owns the fish until they are caught.
***DAILY DOUBLE***
What is a fishery?
A fishery is a system that includes fish, habitat, fishermen, boats, gear, markets, scientists, and regulations.
What is a pro for traps & pots?
Gear is usually quite specific and bycatch for most fisheries is minimal.
What is the EEZ?
Exclusive economic zone
What is a targeted catch in midwater trawls?
Shrimp, squid, pelagic schooling fish like sardines
Who benefits when one fisherman reduces their catch?
All fishermen benefit because the fish population stays healthier.
Name two reasons why fisheries are important.
Fisheries provide food, jobs, income, coastal economies, and cultural traditions.
How does longlining work?
Many short lines, each with a single, baited hook, suspended vertically from a main line that is usually suspended between two floating buoys. Left to "soak" before retrieving.
How far does the EEZ extend from a country's coast?
200 nautical miles
What does a FAD stand for? What does a TED stand for?
Fish Aggregating Device
Turtle Excluder Device
Name two solution to the tragedy of the commons in terms of fishing.
Property rights, quotas, catch limits, fishing seasons, marine protected areas, government regulation.
Name three major problems that fisheries face today.
Overfishing, bycatch, habitat damage, climate change, pollution, too many boats.
How does gillnet fishing work? List one pro and one con
A vertical, wall-like net that is usually set perpendicular to the flow of water. Mesh size allows the heads of fish to pass through, but the gill covers get caught, trapping the fish. Pro - minimal habitat impact Con - bycatch can be high
Which fishing method raised public awareness of the issue of dolphin bycatch?
Purse seining
What are the three things that fishing methods depend on?
Species harvested
Available technology
Local conditions (bottom type, water depth)