Anatomy
What are the 5 anatomic variants of the GB?
Phrygian Cap
Septated GB
Hartman's pouch
Junctional fold
Duplicated GB
This is the removal of the gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
This condition refers to enlarged GB due to fasting or pregnancy, while this condition refers to enlargement caused by a mass on the pancreas head.
Hydrops GB & Courvoiser GB
This artery supplies blood to the gallbladder.
Cystic Artery
This is the narrowing or underdevelopment of the biliary ductal system.
Biliary Atresia
This is thickened bile, associated with tube feeding, and pregnancy that results in low-level echoes and layering.
Sludge
This is the function of the gallbladder.
Store bile
Describe the 1st & 5th types of choledochal cysts.
Type 1: fusiform of the common bile duct
Type 5: Caroli's disease; segmental saccular dilation of the intrahepatic ducts
This is the intraluminal calcification of the GB wall
Porcelain GB
____ causes the gallbladder to contract.
CCK, cholecystokinin
Sonographically, what will you see if someone has biliary atresia? (Hint: think portal triad)
The CBD will be replaced by a fibrous cord.
Describe the sonographic appearance of cholecystitis.
GB wall >3mm
Positive Murphy's sign
Sonolucent area (edema) within thickened wall
Pericholecystic fluid collection
What should the wall of the gallbladder measure?
<3mm
What conditions are associated with biliary atresia?
Polysplenia, sinus inversus, interrupted IVC & enlarged hepatic artery.
Describe the complications of cholecystitis
Emphysematous: gas forming bacteria
Gangrenous: prolonged infection or absent blood supply
Perforation/Rupture: bile leak causing biloma