Earth Science
This destructive process involves the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by water, ice, or wind
What is weathering?
To design a complete, simple circuit, a student needs a power source (battery), a component to consume power (light bulb), and this third essential material to provide a path
What is wire?
Animals such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are all sorted into this large group because they possess backbones
What are vertebrates?
Because most cells and microorganisms are too small to be seen with the naked eye, scientists must use this tool to gather evidence of their existence
What is a microscope?
To design a complete, simple circuit, a student must include a power source like a battery, a path for the current such as a wire, and this third essential component to consume the power
What is a light bulb?
These are surface features, such as deltas and sand dunes, that are created by the build-up of sediment through deposition
What are constructive processes (or landforms)?
Observing bubbles forming when an antacid tablet is placed in water provides evidence that this type of change has occurred
What is a chemical change?
A turtle hiding in its shell when it is frightened is an example of this type of behavior that an organism is born with
What is an instinct (or inherited behavior)?
Scientists develop these—such as using clay to represent tectonic plates—to collect data and illustrate changes that happen too slowly to see in real-time
What are models?
These animals, such as insects or spiders, are classified into one large group because they do not possess a backbone, distinguishing them from vertebrates like mammals and reptiles
What are invertebrates?
To model this process, a student might slowly drop sand and gravel into a beaker of water to measure how it changes the water's depth over time
What is deposition?
This type of magnet is temporary because it requires an energy source and can be turned on and off, unlike a permanent magnet
What is an electromagnet?
This group of plants is classified by its ability to produce flowers and seeds, distinguishing them from ferns or mosses
What are seed producers?
When a student makes observations and uses them to support a claim, they are engaging in this essential science practice
What is engaging in argument from evidence?
When a student mixes an antacid tablet with water and observes bubbles forming, they are seeing evidence that this specific type of change has occurred because a new substance (gas) was produced
What is a chemical change?
A student observes a valley and claims it was formed by flowing water breaking down rock and carrying it downstream; they are identifying these two destructive forces
What are weathering and erosion?
When planning an investigation for these types of materials, a student would conclude that if the bulb in a circuit lights up, the material is this.
What is a conductor?
This specific structure is found only in plant cells and provides a rigid, rectangular shape that animal cells lack
What is a cell wall?
To separate a mixture of sand and sugar, a student would plan this specific procedure involving filter paper and evaporation
What is filtering followed by evaporation?
While both plant and animal cells have a nucleus and a cell membrane, a student can identify a plant cell by the presence of these two unique structures: one that provides a rigid rectangular shape and one that allows the cell to make food
What are the cell wall and chloroplasts?
This modern technology, which can include GIS maps and infrared imagery, is used by scientists to predict or limit the impact of destructive processes like floods
What are prediction/mitigation technologies?
A student argues that when heat is removed from water to form ice, the water particles move in this way, causing the physical change from liquid to solid
What is slower?
A student uses the fact that bacteria can cause food poisoning when meat is undercooked to argue that some microorganisms are this
What is harmful?
This is the core cycle of the 5th-grade science framework, where students are continuously doing these three things with scientific information
What are obtaining, evaluating, and communicating?
Based on experimental evidence, a student would argue that this temporary type of magnet is superior to a permanent magnet for moving heavy scrap metal because its magnetic field can be turned on and off and its strength can be adjusted
What is an electromagnet?