Scientific Revolution
He proved Copernicus was correct and recorded the elliptical orbit of the planets
Who was Kepler?
Louis XIV used this massive, golden palace to distract and control the French nobility.
What is Versailles?
He argued that people are naturally 'nasty and brutish' and need strong government to keep law and order.
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
This social class made up 98% of the population, paid all the taxes, but had the least political power.
What was the Third Estate?
This former slave led the most successful slave revolt in history in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti)
Who is Toussaint L'Ouverture?
He invented calculus, as well as laws of motion and gravity
This term describes a ruler with total power who claims their authority comes directly from God.
What is absolutism?
He believed the government's only job was to protect 'life, liberty, and property."
Who is John Locke?
This radical phase, led by Robespierre, saw thousands of 'enemies of the revolution' sent to the guillotine.
What was the Reign of Terror?
"No taxation without representation" was a key phrase of the American Revolution. Where were the Americans lacking representation?
What is Parliament?
Francis Bacon believed knowledge should come from this: the process of gathering data through direct observation.
What is Empiricism (or scientific method)?
Louis XIV chose this nickname to symbolize that he was the center of the universe and all power radiated from him.
What is the Sun King?
He believed in laissez-faire economics- government should not interfere with economic activity?
Who is Adam Smith?
The Revolution officially began with the Tennis Court Oath and the storming of this medieval fortress/prison.
What is the Bastille?
The Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man (France) both relied on this concept.
What are Natural Rights?
This man is credited with the Heliocentric theory of the solar system.
Who is Copernicus?
Absolute Monarchs often shared authority with this organization.
What is the Catholic Church?
He believed society agrees to be governed by its general will- what is best for the entire community, over individual rights.
Who is Jean Jacques Rousseau?
This famous queen was executed shortly after her husband was also captured and beheaded.
Who is Marie Antoinette?
Saint Domingue was a precious colony to France due to its production of ______
Sugar cane
This man was put under house arrest by the Catholic Church after refusing to recant his scientific discoveries.
Citizens need this to survive, otherwise they will revolt and kill their leaders.
What is food (water, shelter, basic necessities)?
He believed in the separation of powers, checks and balances.
Who is Montesquieu?
What overseas conflict did the French contribute to, leaving their country in even more of a dire economic situation?
What is the American Revolution?
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?