INTRO & BRANCHES
Science that studies language
Linguistics
Ancient Indian linguist who wrote a famous grammar
Panini
Period emphasizing revival of classical knowledge
Renaissance
Study of language relationships and evolution
Comparative-historical linguistics
Founder of modern linguistics
Ferdinand de Saussure
Study of language structure (sounds, grammar)
Theoretical linguistics
Work associated with Panini
Ashtadhyayi
Famous grammar aiming at universal principles
Port-Royal Grammar
Scholar of the first stage of comparativistics
Franz Bopp
Study of language in society
Sociolinguistics
Study of meaning in language
Semantics
Linguist known for Nirukta (etymology)
Yaska
Type of grammar focusing on logic and reason
General Rational Grammar
Linguist associated with general linguistics and language philosophy
Wilhelm von Humboldt
Structuralist school in Copenhagen
Copenhagen structuralism
Study of sounds in language
Phonetics
Greek philosopher linked to early linguistic thought
Plato
Country where Port-Royal grammar originated
France
Linguist linked to the second stage
August Schleicher
Type of comparison based on structure
Typological linguistics
Study of sentence structure
Syntax
Medieval linguistic tradition focusing on Arabic grammar
Arabic linguistics
Linguistic tradition developed in Eastern Europe
Russian linguistics
Linguistic approach connecting language and psychology
Psychologism (Steinthal)
Name four types of comparative linguistics
Genetic, Typological, Areal, Contrastive