Perception
This type of processing begins with sensory input and builds up to perception.
What is bottom-up processing?
A mental category used to group similar objects, ideas, or people.
What is a concept?
This brain structure is critical for forming new explicit memories.
What is the hippocampus?
Retrieving information without cues is called this.
What is recall?
This is the letter referring to intelligence as a single general ability.
What is g.
This Gestalt principle explains why we tend to group nearby objects together.
What is proximity?
This problem-solving method guarantees a solution but is often slow.
What is an algorithm?
This type of memory includes facts and general knowledge.
What is semantic memory?
When older information interferes with learning new information.
What is proactive interference?
The ability to solve new problems quickly is called this type of intelligence.
What is fluid intelligence?
Failing to notice a fully visible but unexpected object is called this.
What is inattentional blindness?
Believing something is more common because it easily comes to mind is this heuristic.
What is the availability heuristic?
Repeating information to keep it in short-term memory is called this.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
The type of amnesia in which you are unable to form new memories.
A that accurately predicts what it claims to predict is said to have this.
What is predictive validity?
Explain the difference between retinal disparity and convergence as depth cues.
Retinal disparity refers to the slightly different images each eye sees, while convergence refers to how much the eyes turn inward to focus on an object.
A person continues investing in a failing project because they’ve already put time and money into it. This is called what?
What is the sunk cost fallacy?
It is easier to remember 456-34-7634 than 456347634 because of this phenomenon.
What is chunking?
After hearing misleading details about an event, a witness recalls the incorrect information as true. This is what?
What is the misinformation effect?
What is the Flynn Effect?
You’re told to expect to see a “duck,” and you interpret an ambiguous image as a duck instead of a rabbit. This is due to what?
What is a perceptual set?
A person insists on solving a math problem the same old way, even though a simpler method exists. This demonstrates what?
What is mental set?
Thinking about the number of sound of a word while you encode it is called what?
What is phonemic encoding?
Johnny remembers a news story about person eating a bicycle, but he forgets that it came from a satirical magazine exemplifying this phenomenon.
What is source amnesia?
A student performs worse on a test after being reminded of a negative stereotype about their group. This is what?
What is stereotype threat?