Searle
Unlike definite descriptions, they do not specify characteristics at all of the objects to which they refer.
What is a proper name?
What do we use names like "Aristotle" for?
What is to say things about particular individuals in the world?
Expressions (e.g. "water" and "beech tree") that function as labels for this and do so because we mean them to. Categories given to us by nature itself.
What are natural kind terms?
The question Chomsky thinks should not be at the center of the agenda.
What determines which thing(s) an expression (or its use) has as its referent?
The three main things about a Fregean Thought.
What is is either True or False, can be the Sense of a sentence, and can be grasped, or apprehended, in events of thinking?
It is true in virtue of linguistic rules alone.
What is an analytic statement?
Kripke's view of this when it is the causal origin of the use of a name.
What is a Referent?
The two concepts Putnam says are wrong.
What is meaning based on psychological state? & What is meaning determines extension?
What is Chomsky believes that reference is both less important and more complicated than philosophers from Frege to Putnam have believed?
Philosopher that states utterances depend on the intensions of speakers, conventions of actions, legal standing, and meaning of sentence.
Who is Austin?
Searle says the 'Sense' of a proper name is this
What is a cluster of descriptions?
Kripke says traditional theories of names imply that certain sentences are this.
What is true necessarily?
The set of all things to which the term applies (Reference)
What is extension?
The second part of Chomsky's reasoning.
What is following the ordinary methods of (what Chomsky calls) “naturalistic inquiry,” we understand complex and idiosyncratic interactions not by studying them directly, but rather by analyzing them into their interacting parts, and studying each of those parts individually?
We assume that we are cooperating with each other when we are talking, the four maxims, and the philosopher that says this.
What is Cooperative Principle, Who is Grice? What are Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner?
Using the name 'Beyonce' presupposes this about the descriptive cluster.
What is individual meets enough of the cluster descriptions.
A proposition that can be known to be true independently of any experience, beyond knowing what the proposition is. Ex. "Birds that wings have wings”. Kripke also objects that if Aristotle a student of Plato’s it expresses this.
What is an a priori truth?
Concepts, psychological entities, meanings.
What is Intension
The ordinary methods Chomsky uses to pursue the study of language.
What is naturalistic inquiry?
Russell's problem
How can a sentence be meaningful if it contains a definite description but no referent?
What is the two names have independent, non-overlapping clusters?
The main philosophers Kripke disagrees with.
Who are Frege, Russell, and Searle?
Deferring meaning to the experts
What is division of linguistic labour?
The two main points Chomsky says about Putnam's view.
What is neither necessary or nor sufficient to explain the actual usage of kind terms, descriptions or names.
The main philosophers that oppose Frege's point
Who are Kripke and Putnam?