Bones & Marrow
What is the hard outer layer of bones made of? (2)
calcium and phosphorus
Name one place in the body where a hinge joint is found?
Elbow
Give an example of a long bone.
Femur
About how many muscles does the human body have?
About 600
Name two things you do to keep muscles strong and healthy?
Eat healthy foods, exercise regularly
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
Which type of joint allows the most movement and is found in the shoulder?
Ball and socket
What kind of bone is the sternum (breastbone)?
Flat bone
Which type of muscle is voluntary and attached to bones?
Skeletal muscles
Why is eating a healthy diet important for bones?
Bones need nutrients to stay strong and grow.
Name the soft tissue inside some bones that produces blood cells.
Red marrow
What is an immovable joint? Give an example.
A joint where bones are fused and do not move. Ex Skill or upper jaw
What is a sesamoid bone?
A small bone embedded in a tendon. Ex. kneecap
Where would you find smooth muscle? Ex.?
In walls of internal organs - digestive tract
Give two ways muscles can get hurt.
cramps and strains
What type of marrow stroes fat for energy?
yellow marrow
How many joints help allow movement in the human body?
over 400 joints
Irregular
What makes cardiac muscles different from skeletal muscles?
Cardiac are involuntary and found only in the heart, skeletal is voluntary
List 3 organs that the skeletal system protects.
Brain, heart, lungs
Describe a difference between compact bone and spongy bone.
Compact bone is dense and strong; spongy bone is porous and contains red marrow at the ends.
Explain how bones and joints work together to allow movement?
Bones provide the structure; joints connect bones and let them move; muscles pull on bones across joints to create movement.
Explain why bones have different shapes
They do different things: long bones - strong for support; flat bones - protect organs
Describe how muscles cause movement.
Muscles contract or shorten and pull on bones causing movement at the joints
Explain why exercise and a healthy diet help the skeletal and muscular systems work together.
Exercise strengthens muscles and stimulates bone growth and maintenance; healthy diet supplies calcium and protein for bones and muscles reducing risk of injury and supporting repair.