Ch.1
Which scientist is known for the “germ theory of disease”?
A. Darwin
B. Newton
C. Pasteur
D. Mendel
C. Pasteur
What is the basic unit of matter?
A. Cell
B. Atom
C. Molecule
D. Protein
B. Atom
What is the function of flagella?
A. Reproduction
B. Movement
C. DNA storage
D. Photosynthesis
B. Movement
Which organelle produces ATP?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus
C. Mitochondria
Carbohydrates are primarily used for:
A. Genetic storage
B. Immediate energy
C. Hormone production
D. Oxygen transport
B. Immediate energy
True or False:
Microorganisms are always harmful.
False — many are beneficial.
Water is considered a:
A. Nonpolar molecule
B. Polar molecule
C. Ionic molecule
D. Carbohydrate
B. Polar molecule
What is the function of a bacterial capsule?
A. ATP production
B. Protein synthesis
C. Protection from immune defenses
D. DNA replication
C. Protection from immune defenses
Eukaryotic cells contain:
A. No DNA
B. A true nucleus
C. Peptidoglycan
D. No organelles
B. A true nucleus
Which structure helps bacteria attach to surfaces?
A. Capsule
B. Pili/fimbriae
C. Ribosomes
D. Cytoplasm
B. Pili/fimbriae
Who is considered the “father of microbiology” for observing microorganisms with early microscopes?
Leeuwenhoek
pH below 7 is considered:
A. Neutral
B. Basic
C. Acidic
D. Radioactive
C. Acidic
Binary fission is:
A. Sexual reproduction
B. Viral replication
C. Asexual bacterial reproduction
D. Endospore formation
C. Asexual bacterial reproduction
Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Mitochondria
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. Nucleic acids
D. Carbohydrates
C. Nucleic acids
Koch’s postulates were developed to:
A. Identify viruses
B. Explain genetics
C. Link microbes to disease
D. Create vaccines
C. Link microbes to disease
What type of bond is used to link fatty acids and glycerol together to form lipids?
A. Peptide bonds
B. Phosphodiester bonds
C. Ester bonds
D. Glycosidic bonds
C. Ester bonds
Gram-positive bacteria stain:
A. Pink
B. Green
C. Purple
D. Yellow
C. Purple
Lipids are important components of:
A. Cell membranes
B. Ribosomes
C. Chromosomes
D. Capsules
A. Cell membranes
Lysosomes contain:
A. DNA
B. Photosynthetic pigments
C. Digestive enzymes
D. Ribosomal RNA
C. Digestive enzymes
The human microbiota consists of the 10-100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells harbored by each person. Name one thing our microbiomes do.
Protection against pathogens
Training immune system
Supplying vitamins
Aiding in digestion
Which bond involves sharing electrons?
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Covalent bond
D. Peptide bond
C. Covalent bond
You grow up a culture of Streptobacillus, what would you see under the microscope?
A. Round shaped cells growing in a chain.
B. Rod shaped cells growing in a chain.
C. Round shaped cells growing in clusters.
D. Rod shaped cells growing in a palisades arrangement.
B. Rod shaped cells growing in a chain.
Which process creates gametes?
A. Binary fission
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Budding
C. Meiosis
Organisms are classified into ranks (taxa), generally in this order:
A. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Family, Class, Genus, Species.
B. Family, Class, Genus, Species, Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order.organisms
C. Species, Phylum, Order, Family, Class, Genus, Domain, Kingdom.
D. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
D. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.