Behaviorism
According to the reading, behaviourism focuses mainly on what kind of behavior?
Observable behavior
Who is connected with classical conditioning in the reading?
Ivan Pavlov
Who is connected with operant conditioning in the reading?
B. F. Skinner
What are rewards?
Stickers, stamps, and house points are examples of these
Behaviourists did not focus much on what because it could not be directly observed?
Mental processes
What animal did Pavlov use in his famous experiment?
Dogs
This controversial device invented by Skinner, for the care of infants featured an enclosed temperature controlled environment with a plexiglass window
(What is the baby box?(Or air crib or Skinner box for infants)
What is drill-and-practice learning
This teaching style focuses heavily on repetition and practice
Behaviourist theories are often called what kind of theories?
Stimulus-response theories
In Pavlov’s experiment, what sound did the dogs learn to connect with food?
A bell.
What is reinforcement?
Anything that strengthens a behavior and makes it more likely to happen again
What are basic/foundation skills?
Behaviourism is especially useful for teaching these kinds of skills.
This phenomenon occurs when a condition gradually diminishes and disappears because the condition stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.
What is extinction?
What does generalization mean in the reading?
Responding to similar stimuli in the same way.
Skinner preferred this specific term over the word “reward” To describe something that strengthens a response.
What is a reinforcer
What is value/meaning to the child?
According to the text, rewards should have this quality to be effective for students.
What is behavior?
This is the main idea behind behaviourism: learning is shown through a change in this.
The Term describes the initial phase in classical conditioning when a completely new response is learned.
What is acquisition?
Skinner uses this phrase to describe the process where a response, not followed by a reinforcing stimulus this weakened leading to its Disappearance in the classroom.
What is the law of extinction
What is understanding?
One criticism of behaviourism is that students may learn correct answers without this.