Homeostasis/Body Systems
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a stable internal environment
What molecule carries genetic information?
DNA
What type of cell division produces identical body cells?
Mitosis
What gas containing carbon is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
CO2
What is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms?
The cell
What type of feedback Mechanism reverses a change to restore balance?
Negative feedback
What are the building blocks (subunits) of DNA called?
Nucleotides
How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis?
Two
What process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from living organisms?
Cellular Respiration
Which organelle produces ATP?
Mitochondria
Which body system helps regulate body temperature by producing sweat?
Integumentary (skin) system
Which nitrogen base pairs with adenine in DNA?
Thymine (T)
What type of cell division produces gametes?
Meiosis
What happens to carbon stored in fossil fuels when they are burned?
It is released into the atmosphere as CO2
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
Amino Acids
What mechanism amplifies a response? Give one example
Positive Feedback (blood clotting, childbirth)
What is the overall shape of a DNA molecule?
Double Helix
How many chromosomes are found in a human gamete?
23 (haploid)
Give an example of a carbon sink
Ocean, soil, forests, rocks/limestone
What is the function of enzymes in living organisms?
They speed up chemical reactions
During exercise, your muscles need more oxygen. Explain how two body systems interact to meet this need.
Respiratory System: Increases breathing rate (increase oxygen intake and carbon dioxide output)
Circulatory: Increases heart rate to deliver more oxygen
What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
DNA contains the instructions for making proteins.
What process during meiosis helps to increase genetic variation?
Crossing Over/Recombination
What are the inputs and outputs to cellular respiration?
Inputs: C6H12O6 (glucose) & O2 (oxygen)
Outputs: CO2 (carbon dioxide), H2O & ATP
A high fever causes an enzyme to lose its shape and stop functioning. What has happened to the enzyme?
It becomes denatured