Matter
The three main states of matter.
What is a solid, liquid, and gas?
The phase change from a liquid to a gas
Ex. Causes puddles to dry up.
What is evaporation?
The scientific term for the ability to do work or cause a change in matter.
What is energy?
This temperature scale sets the freezing point of water at 32° and boiling at 212°
What is Fahrenheit?
This subatomic particle has a positive charge and determines the atomic number of an element.
What is a proton?
The measure of the amount of matter in an object.
What is mass?
Water droplets forming on a cold soda can is an example of this gas-to-liquid change.
What is condensation
This specific type of energy is the energy of motion, which increases as an object speeds up.
What is kinetic energy?
This word describes a material, like metal or copper, that allows heat to pass through easily.
What is a conductor?
These horizontal rows on the periodic table indicate the number of electron shells an element has.
What are periods?
The formula used to calculate density.
This phase change happens when dry ice turns directly from a solid into a gas
What is sublimation?
This type of energy is stored within an object due to its position, shape, or chemical bonds.
What is potential energy?
This type of heat transfer occurs through direct physical contact
What is conduction
These vertical columns contain elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.
What are groups (or families)?
All five states of matter.
What is a gas, liquid, solid, plasma, and bose-einstein condensate?
The rare phase change where a gas turns directly into a solid, like frost forming on grass.
What is desposition?
According to this foundational scientific law, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one type to another.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
This is the theoretical point at which all molecular motion stops.
What is absolute zero?
Found in Group 18, these unreactive gases have a full outer shell of valence electrons.
What are the noble gases?
This property of matter, heavily tied to mass, causes an object to resist any change in its motion.
What is inertia
This term describes a phase change—like melting or boiling—where matter must absorb thermal energy from its surroundings.
What is endothermic?
The total kinetic energy of the moving, vibrating particles within a substance.
What is thermal energy?
This specific temperature scale, often used by scientists, has increments equal to the Celsius scale but starts at absolute zero.
What is the Kelvin scale?
He is credited as the father of the modern periodic table because he left blank spaces for undiscovered elements.
Who was Dmitri Mendeleev?