DNA
What is DNA?
The blueprint of your life.
What is heredity?
Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to children.
What is mitosis and what does it produce?
Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells.
What is the definition of anatomy?
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body and its parts.
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
Transports oxygen, nutrient, and waste through blood.
What does DNA and RNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid
What are genes and how do they determine traits?
Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits.
What is meiosis and why is it important for reproduction?
Meiosis is a type of cell division that creates four unique cells with half the number of chromosomes.
What is the definition of physiology?
Physiology is the study of how the body works and its parts/functions.
What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?
The stomach breaks down food mechanically and chemically using acid and enzymes.
What is the 2 main differences between RNA and DNA?
DNA is a double helix with two strands and uses thymine. RNA is a single strand and uses uracile.
What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?
A dominant allele takes over the effect of a recessive allele when both are present.
What are the phases of the cell cycle and what happens during each phase?
In mitosis there is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase during which the cell continues to divide.
What is the anatomical position and why is it mostly used as a reference?
The anatomical position is standing up right facing forward with arms at the sides which gives it a clear frame of reference for describing locations.
How do sensory neurons transmit signals from the body to the central nervous system?
Sensory neurons detect changes and send electrical signals to the spinal cord or brain.
How does the base pairing in the double helix ensure accurate DNA replication?
When the cell copies DNA it just matches each base to its correct partner so the new strand is a perfect copy of the old one.
How did Mendel's experiments with pea plant establish the principles of inheritance?
Mendel's breeding experiment shows that the results followed predictable patterns.
What role do the spindle fibers play during anaphase?
The spindle fibers attached to the centromeres of the chromosomes and pull the sister chromatids apart making sure each new cell gets an identical set of chromosomes.
What are directional terms and why are they important in anatomy?
Directional terms describe locations of body parts from others.
How do sweat glands help in regulating body temperature and how are they controlled by the nervous system?
Sweat glands produce sweat which cools the body down and the nervous system detects rising body temperatures and signals these glands to activate.
How are mutations created in DNA?
Mutations can occur due to errors in DNA replication.
What are the main differences between mitosis and meiosis for their purpose and the number of resulting cells?
Mitosis creates two identical cells for growth in repair and meiosis produces four genetically unique cells for production.
What do centrioles do during mitosis?
Centrioles produce the spindle fibers that guide chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell during cell division.
What is the difference between proximal and distal and how are these terms used to describe limb locations?
Proximal means closer to the body's trunk while distal means farther away they help describe relative positions on the limbs.
What type of cells do the bones produce?
Osteoblasts osteoclasts and osteocytes.