soft tissue injuries
What is a laceration?
A cut inflicted by a sharp instrument, such as a knife or razor blade, or by
a blunt force that tears the tissue, producing a jagged wound through the skin
surface and underlying structures.
What is another name superficial burn?
A burn involving only the epidermis, which produces very red, painful skin; formerly called a first-degree burn.
What is the rule of 2s in a flail chest?
An injury that involves two or more adjacent ribs fractured in two or more places, allowing the segment between the fractures to move independently of the rest of the thoracic cage.
What is the peritoneum?
The membrane in the abdomen encasing the liver, spleen, diaphragm, stomach, and transverse colon.
Where do we cavitation injuries?
Typically in GSWs
temporary cavitation: Cavity formation that occurs when shock waves push tissues in front of and lateral to a projectile, but that may not necessarily increase the wound size or cause permanent injury.
What is an avulsion?
An injury that leaves a piece of skin or other tissue partially or completely torn away from the body.
Explain the rule of 9s
A system that is based on dividing the body into 11 sections, each representing approximately 9% of the total body surface area burned.
Why do we needle decompress?
A procedure in which a needle or angiocath is introduced into the pleural space in an attempt to relieve a tension pneumothorax; also called needle thoracentesis.
What is the definition of eviseration?
Displacement of an organ outside the body.
what are the 3 parts of the lethal trauma triad?
trauma lethal triad: The combination of hypothermia, coagulopathy (poor blood clotting), and acidosis, which is a major contributor to death in patients with severe traumatic bleeding.
What is a degloving?
A traumatic injury that results in the soft tissue of a part of the body being drawn downward like a glove being removed
What's another name for a 3rd degree burn?
full-thickness burn: A burn that extends through the epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous tissues beneath; formerly called a third-degree burn.
What is the purpose of a pericardiocentesis?
A procedure in which a needle or angiocath is introduced into the pericardial sac to relieve cardiac tamponade.
What is peritonitis?
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the protective membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities
What is Waddell's triad?
A pattern of vehicle-versus-pedestrian injuries in children and people of short stature in which (1) the bumper hits pelvis and femur, (2) the chest and abdomen hit the grille or low hood, and (3) the head strikes the ground.
What is desquamation?
The continual shedding of the nonliving cells on the surface of the skin. MMMMM Parmesan cheese
What is a escharotomy?
A surgical cut through the eschar or leathery covering of a burn injury to allow for swelling and minimize the potential for development of compartment syndrome in a circumferentially burned limb or the thorax.
What is commotio cordis?
An event in which an often-fatal cardiac dysrhythmia is produced by a sudden blow to the thoracic cavity.
What is the mesentery?
A membranous double fold of tissue in the abdomen that attaches various organs to the body wall.
What is the revised trauma score specifically used for?
A scoring system used for patients with head trauma.
How do we control Hemorrhage on with an impaled object?
direct compression, but do not apply pressure on the impaled object itself or on immediately adjacent tissues. Tourniquet if able.
What is Ohm's Law?
The formula that describes the relationship between voltage and resistance; Current (I) = Voltage (V) divided by Resistance (R): I = V/R.
What is exophthalmos?
Protrusion of the eyes from the normal position within the socket.
Explain Kehr sign
Left shoulder pain that may indicate a ruptured spleen
What is Newton’s second law of motion?
The law of motion that states the force that an object can exert is the product of its mass times its acceleration.