Heart to Heart
This chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
What is the left atrium?
This structure naturally starts every heartbeat.
What is the SA (sinoatrial) node?
These vessels return oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart
What are the pulmonary veins?
Another name for a heart attack.
What is a myocardial infarction (MI)?
Heart rate is measured in these units.
What are beats per minute (BPM)?
This chamber pumps blood throughout the entire body.
What is the left ventricle?
This structure delays the electrical signal so the ventricles have time to fill.
What is the AV node?
This largest artery carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
What is the aorta?
The buildup of fatty plaque inside arteries is called this.
What is atherosclerosis?
Cardiac output equals these two values multiplied together.
What are heart rate × stroke volume?
The right side of the heart contains this type of blood.
What is deoxygenated blood?
These fibers rapidly spread the electrical impulse throughout the ventricles.
What are Purkinje fibers?
After leaving the aorta, blood eventually reaches these tiny vessels where diffusion occurs.
What are capillaries?
These immune cells attempt to eat plaque but become trapped and form foam cells.
What are macrophages?
If someone's heart rate is 80 bpm and stroke volume is 70 mL, what is their cardiac output?
What is 5,600 mL/min (5.6 L/min)?
Blood returning from the body first enters this chamber.
What is the right atrium?
The "lub" sound occurs during this phase of the heartbeat.
What is systole?
Name the correct path:
Right ventricle → _____ → lungs → _____ → left atrium
What are the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins?
True or False:
A myocardial infarction begins because blood flow to the heart muscle is interrupted.
True
An EKG measures this type of activity.
What is the electrical activity of the heart?
A patient has damage to the chamber responsible for generating the highest blood pressure. Which chamber is damaged?
What is the left ventricle?
Put these in the correct order:
SA Node → Atrial Contraction → AV Node → Purkinje Fibers (ventricular contraction)
Why can't diffusion occur directly through the wall of the aorta?
Because the aorta's wall is too thick. Oxygen and nutrients are exchanged in the capillaries, which have walls only one endothelial cell thick.
Explain how macrophages can actually worsen plaque buildup instead of fixing it.
They engulf cholesterol and become foam cells, which accumulate and enlarge the plaque, narrowing the artery even further.
A clot completely blocks a coronary artery. Predict two things that will happen if blood flow is not restored.