History & Pioneers
This social reformer co-founded Hull House in Chicago, became the first U.S woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize (1931), and is considered one of the founders of social work.
Who is Jane Addams
This term refers to one's worldview, beliefs through which we see the world, what has value, what is right, and, in political terms, how society should work and the best way to achieve this.
What is ideology?
According to Ritter Ch. 7, medical bills are a leading cause of this in the United States, a problem uncommon in peer nations with universal healthcare.
What is personal bankruptcy?
Roughly 74% of substantiated child welfare cases involve this type of maltreatment, failing to provide food, clothing, shelter, medical care, or supervision.
What is neglect?
Dr. Mark Rank argues that this dominant U.S framing of poverty, as the result of personal failure rather than structural conditions, prevents effective policy responses.
What is poverty as an individual moral failing (the myth of the self-made man/individual responsibility framing?
Ritter's Ch. 1 defines policy practice as social workers' efforts to change policies in legislative, agency, and community settings, as part of their ______ activities.
What is professional (as part of their professional activities)?
This 1935 landmark legislation, signed by FDR, created Social Security, unemployment compensation, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children, establishing the U.S. welfare state.
What is the Social Security Act of 1935?
Ritter identifies these as the six stages of the policy change process, beginning with problem definition and ending with this final stage
What is policy evaluation (evaluating the policy change)?
This model of healthcare, used in Canada and the U.S.Medicare program, uses private providers but a single government-run insurance program that citizens pay into via premiums.
What is the National Health Insurance Model?
Signed by LBJ in 1965, this act established the Administration on Aging and created programs including Meals on Wheels, elder abuse prevention, and caregiver support.
What is the Older Americans Act (1965)?
DAILY DOUBLE - Ritter's three policy approaches to poverty: alleviate (eases suffering), preventive (stops it from occurring), and this third approach that targets the root structural causes.
What is the curative approach?
During a lobby visit, Ritter advises social workers to leave lawmakers with this one-page document, which includes contact information, to summarize their position.
What is a fact sheet (one-page fact sheet)?
Black women's clubs established settlement houses to support African Americans excluded from white institutions, and were politically active on these two issues.
What are women's suffrage and racial justice (anti-lynching legislations/laws against racial segregation)?
Conservatives embrace this economic theory, associate with Milton Friedman, which argue that cutting taxes on the wealthy and corporations allows wealth to 'trickle down' to workers.
What is supply-side economics (free market / trickle-down economics)?
The principle that health insurance plans should provide equal coverage for mental health and physical health, no different dollar limits, visit caps or deductibles.
What is mental health parity?
The U.S. is the only industrialized nation that does not guarantee this to working parents, most peer nations provide an average of one year of it.
What is paid family and medical leave?
In 2022, the maximum monthly TANF benefit for a single parent of three in Alabama was $215. The maximum in New Hampshire was $1,151. This structural feature of TANF, built by Clinton's 1996 welfare reform, produced that gap.
What is state administration (block grants giving states flexibility to set their own benefit levels)?
Ritter identifies this as the difference between case advocacy and this broader form of advocacy, which works to change policies that affect whole groups or populations rather than individual clients.
What is cause advocacy?
DAILY DOUBLE: This person, the first woman in a presidential cabinet, served as FDR's Secretary of Labor and was the chief architect of the Social Security Act.
Who is Frances Perkins?
Ritter's Ch 3 identifies this as the biggest difference between liberalism and conservativism in U.S politics.
What is the role of government (and where to spend federal resources?
These two legislators, one Republican with a daughter with schizophrenia, one Democrat with a brother with severe mental illness, became legilative champions for mental health parity.
Who are Pete Domenici and Paul Wellston?
In 2022, the U.S. Supreme ccourt overturned th this 1973 decision, returning abortion policy to states, a highly unusul rollback of rights after 50 years of legal precedent.
What is Roe vs Wade?
This Scandinavian social welfare feature, providing 480 days of paid leave per child, free universal healthcare, free college, and monthly child allowances, is cited by Ritter as evidence that a curative approach to poverty is achievable.
What is the Scandinavian (Nordic) model of social welfare?
This proposed federal legislation, named after civil rights pioneers Dorothy I. Height and Whitney M. Young Jr., would ask Congress to invest in social work education, research, and practice, but has not yet passed.
What is the Social Work Reinvestment Act?
FDR's famous 1937 quote states: The test of our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it is whether we provide enough for ________.
What is 'those who have too little'?
This Democratic shift beginning in the 1980s moved the party toward the center, embracing some economic policies of the right, critics said it abandoned the party's core commitments to the poor.
What is neo-liberalism (the Democratic Party moving to the center/becoming more centrist/corporatist)?
Ritter identifies this as the reason the U.S. healthcare system is so expensive compared to peer nations, we spend twice as much per person, driven mainly by higher payments to these two groups.
What are hospitals and physicians (healthcare providers)?
Ritter's Ch. 9 notes that deaths from firearms became the leading cause of child death in the United States in these two consecutive years.
What are 2020 and 2021?
Ritter's Ch.12 identifies this as a key reason the U.S. uniquely resists building a Scandinavian-style welfare state, a term for American belief in unique national exceptionalism applied to welfare.
What is welfare exceptionalism?
Ritter's Ch. 13 identifies this as the critical challenge facing social workers looking ahead: what they must do to become a visible and strong political force for social and economic justice.
What is figuring out how to unite (uniting as a profession to become a strong political voice)?