Cells
What is the basic unit of all living things?
Cell
What are the 3 states of matter
solid, liquid, gas
What force pulls objects towards Earth
Gravity
Name one producer in a food chain
Any green plant
What is the star at the centre of our Solar System?
: The Sun
Name the part of a plant cell that contains chlorophyll.
Chloroplasts
What happens to particles when a solid melts?
Particles gain energy, move faster and further apart.
What force acts between two surfaces rubbing together?
Friction
What is a habitat?
The place where an organism lives.
Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
Mars
Name two structures found in plant cells but not animal cells.
Any two of: cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole
Use the particle model to explain why perfume spreads across a room.
Gas particles are far apart with spaces between them; solid particles are closely packed.
A football slows down after being kicked. Which force causes it to slow down?
air resistance
What is the role of a decomposer?
Breaks down dead organisms and recycles nutrients.
Why do we have day and night on Earth?
Earth rotates on it's axis
Explain the job of the nucleus - 2responses needed
Controls the activities of the cell
and
contains genetic material (DNA)
Explain why gases can be compressed but solids cannot.
Gas particles are far apart with spaces between them; solid particles are closely packed.
A cyclist is travelling at a constant speed. Explain the forces acting on the cyclist.
Driving force equals resistive forces, so forces are balanced.
Explain how removing foxes could affect a food web
Fox numbers decrease → rabbit numbers increase → plants decrease (or similar valid explanation).
Explain why the Moon appears to change shape during the month.
We see different amounts of the Moon's sunlit half as it orbits Earth
A cell has a cell wall, membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplasts and a large vacuole. Identify the type of cell and explain how two of these structures help it survive.
Plant cell. Examples: chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis; cell wall supports the cell; vacuole keeps the cell turgid.
Use the particle model to explain why the pressure inside a sealed syringe increases when the plunger is pushed in.
Pushing the plunger reduces the volume, particles collide more often with the syringe walls, increasing pressure.
A parachutist jumps from a plane. Describe the forces acting from the moment they jump until they reach terminal velocity.
Weight is greater than air resistance at first so the parachutist accelerates. Air resistance increases until it equals weight, giving balanced forces and terminal velocity.
A disease kills many insects in a woodland. Predict and explain two effects this could have on the food web.
Insect-eating animals decrease; predators may decrease; plants may increase if insects were herbivores; food web becomes less stable.
Explain why we see different seasons during the year rather than because Earth is closer to or further from the Sun.
Earth's axis is tilted. As Earth orbits the Sun, different hemispheres receive more direct sunlight and longer days at different times of year.