Chemical Basics
A process in which new substances are formed.
What is a chemical reaction?
One compound breaks apart into simpler substances.
What is a decomposition reaction?
A solid suddenly forms when two liquids are mixed.
What is formation of a precipitate?
Balance:
H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
What is 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O?
Substances with a pH less than 7.
What are acids?
A substance present before a chemical reaction starts.
What is a reactant?
Two or more substances combine to form one product.
What is a synthesis reaction?
Bubbles appear after mixing vinegar and baking soda.
What is gas production?
Balance:
Na + Cl₂ → NaCl
what is 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl?
Substances with a pH greater than 7.
What are bases?
The substances formed after a chemical reaction.
What are products?
Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu
Identify the reaction.
What is a single replacement reaction?
A shiny iron nail slowly turns reddish-brown.
What is color change due to rusting?
Balance:
Mg + O₂ → MgO
What is 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO?
What pH value is considered neutral?
What is 7?
It is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction—or lowers the energy required to start it—without being consumed or permanently altered in the process.
What is a Catalyst?
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃
Identify the reaction.
What is a double replacement reaction?
True or False: Melting ice is evidence of a chemical reaction.
False (It's a physical change.)
Balance:
Al + O₂ → Al₂O₃
What is 4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃?
Name one common household acid.
What is Vinegar, Lemon juice, Citrus juice?
The law stating that matter cannot be created nor destroyed during a reaction.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
Identify the reaction.
What is a combustion reaction?
A student mixed two clear solutions. Within seconds, the beaker became warm even though no external heat was applied. No bubbles or precipitate were observed.
What evidence suggests that a chemical reaction occurred?
What is increase in temperature (release of heat)?
C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
What is 2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O?
Name one common household base.
What is Baking soda, Soap, Detergent & Bleach?