You Brain Did What?
Finish the phrase often associated with Hebbian learning: “Neurons that fire together…”
What is “…wire together”?
This type of memory is consciously encoded, verbal, and consciously recalled.
What are explicit memories?
This model describes an innate, organic drive toward physical and emotional health.
What is the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model?
This person is identified in the manual as the founder of EMDR.
Who is Francine Shapiro?
This French psychologist, philosopher, and psychotherapist is called the “Father of Trauma-Informed Psychotherapy” in the manual and identified a core client problem as an inability to integrate traumatic memories.
Who is Pierre Janet?
When experiences repeatedly activate together, the brain begins connecting them into this organized system of associated information.
What is a neural network?
This type of memory can be emotionally and somatically encoded without conscious awareness.
What is implicit memory?
According to AIP, psychological symptoms may occur when disturbing experiences are stored in this manner rather than being fully integrated into adaptive memory networks.
What is maladaptively or dysfunctionally stored memory?
Shapiro's 1989 EMD research included this many clients experiencing symptoms associated with traumatic memories.
What is 22 clients?
A client knows, logically, “I survived and I'm safe.” But when triggered, they experience terror, images, body sensations, and “I'm powerless” as though the original event is happening right now. According to the manual, what phenomenon is occurring?
What is a flashback/frozen memory being activated in the present?
A child repeatedly experiences criticism when making mistakes. Years later, a small mistake activates shame, body tension, and “I’m not good enough.” This illustrates how present experiences can activate these older interconnected pathways.
What are memory/neural networks?
Explicit autobiographical memory generally begins around this age according to the manual.
What is 2–3 years old?
In EMDR, a cognition isn't merely a description of what happened. It represents this.
What is a belief or interpretation of the self?
In 1990, EMD became EMDR when Shapiro added this letter to emphasize that treatment involved more than desensitization.
What is “R” for Reprocessing?
Dual Attention: Focusing simultaneously on the incident and the stimulation
What is Taxing Working Memory?
A client says, “I don't remember anything bad happening, but every time someone raises their voice, my chest tightens and I want to run.” This type of memory may help explain why the body appears to remember something the person cannot consciously recall.
What is implicit memory?
CBT often works “top down,” challenging cognitions so emotions change. According to the manual, EMDR/AIP works in this direction, updating emotions and sensations so cognitions change.
What is bottom up?
In 1995, this original name was changed to Adaptive Information Processing.
What is Accelerated Information Processing?