INFANCY (AGES 0-2)
This is the typical age range that defines the infancy stage of development.
What is birth to about two years of age?
This is the approximate age range that defines early childhood.
What is two to six years of age?
This is the approximate age range that defines preadolescence.
What is seven to eleven years of age?
This is the standard age range that defines the adolescent stage of development.
What is twelve to seventeen years of age?
This specific communication skill involves paraphrasing or repeating back what you hear to ensure accurate understanding.
What is active listening?
This is the most important emotional task for infants to build with their primary caretaker.
What is bonding (or becoming emotionally attached)?
This major physical milestone and routine habit is a primary development issue during this stage.
What is toilet training?
If preadolescent children do not succeed or do well with their schoolwork, they may develop this emotional feeling.
What is a sense of inferiority (or inadequacy)?
This major social task represents a teenager's constant transition struggle to figure out who they are as an individual.
What is the struggle for identity (or self-identity)?
These three core components form the necessary 'healthy foundation' for any parenting approach.
What are expressing love, setting rules, and showing sensitivity?
When an infant's basic needs are met reliably and regularly, they learn to develop this crucial social trait.
What is trust?
This is the most important intellectual drive of early childhood, pushing children to explore and discover.
What is curiosity?
Instead of simply doing as they are told, children at this stage begin to develop their own internal sense of this.
What is morality (a sense of right and wrong)?
Triggered by hormones, this term describes the rapid physical changes and growth spurts that happen during the teen years.
What is puberty?
Researchers find that doing this to healthy behavior is far more effective than just criticizing a child's unwanted behavior.
What is praising it (or using praise properly)?
These healthy, self-protective instinct causes infants to experience fear when away from their parents.
What is a fear of separation (separation anxiety)?
: Young children learn how to express their internal anxieties, fears, and feelings through this special type of play.
What is symbolic play?
Part of a preadolescent child's emotional growth is learning to identify these two opposite areas in their self-image.
What are their strengths and areas for growth?
Adolescents first show their developing independence by establishing these, and then taking responsibility to meet them.
What are their own goals?
Placing this written, regular item in a visible spot helps children understand the value of structure and time management.
What is a family schedule?
Infants accomplish their early intellectual tasks by doing these two things to objects around them.
: What are touching and tasting?
The main social task at this age involves forming relationships with individuals outside of this specific group.
What is the immediate family?
Parents can help preadolescents meet their social tasks by supporting their involvement in these two types of team or group activities.
What are clubs and sports?
Peer relationships fill three major teen needs: acceptance, self-esteem, and this crucial social feeling.
What is a sense of belonging?
This negotiated, written agreement can be created between a parent and child to manage study habits when school grades are low.
What is a homework contract?