Cells & Organelles
The basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms.
What is a cell?
The process plants use to convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
What is photosynthesis?
The molecule that carries genetic information in most living organisms.
What is DNA?
The process by which populations of organisms change over generations.
What is evolution?
Symbiotic relationship between two species where one organism benefits at the expense of the other organism.
What is parasitism?
This organelle contains the genetic material and controls many activities of a eukaryotic cell.
What is the nucleus?
The process cells use to release usable energy (ATP) from glucose.
What is cellular respiration?
A segment of DNA that contains information related to a particular trait or biological function.
What is a gene?
The process in which individuals with advantageous inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce more successfully.
What is natural selection?
An organism that makes its own organic food, usually using light energy.
What is a producer or an autotroph?
These organelles are responsible for producing most of the usable energy in a eukaryotic cell.
What are mitochondria?
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
Different copies/versions of the same gene are called these.
What are alleles?
A trait that increases an organism's survival in one environment may decrease its survival in another. Therefore, whether a trait is advantageous depends on this factor.
What is environment?
A living organism that cannot make its own food and must eat other living organisms to get energy.
What is a consumer or heterotroph?
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have this rigid structure outside the cell membrane.
What is the cell wall?
The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What is diffusion?
If an organism has two identical alleles for a gene, it is described using this term.
What is homozygous?
This refers to the differences in traits among individuals in a population. One source of it is crossing over during meiosis.
What is variation?
A group of organisms of one species living in the same area.
What is a population?
This organelle is in charge of producing proteins.
What is the ribosome?
A plant cell is placed in a solution with a much higher solute concentration than the cell. What will happen to the water inside the cell?
Water will move out of the cell by osmosis.
Two heterozygous parents for a simple dominant/recessive trait have children. What percentage of their offspring would be expected to show the recessive phenotype?
25% (1/4; 0.25)
This process produces analogous structures (structures that have the same function but evolved independently in different species, like the wings of birds and bats.)
What is convergent evolution?
The non living factors of an ecosystems. For example: water availability, temperature, soil structure...
What are abiotic factors?