Captains & Big Business
Which industrialist built a major fortune in the steel industry?
A. John D. Rockefeller
B. Andrew Carnegie
C. Cornelius Vanderbilt
D. J.P. Morgan
Andrew Carnegie
Why did many workers join labor unions?
A. To improve wages, hours, and working conditions
B. To support monopolies
C. To increase child labor
D. To gain overseas territory
To improve wages, hours, and working conditions
Which reform most directly addressed unsafe food and meatpacking?
A. Food and meat inspection laws
B. Direct election of senators
C. Conservation
D. Prohibition
Food and meat inspection laws
Who wrote The Jungle and exposed unsafe meatpacking conditions?
A. Jacob Riis
B. Ida Tarbell
C. Upton Sinclair
D. Jane Addams
Upton Sinclair
Which amendment established a federal income tax?
A. 16th
B. 17th
C. 18th
D. 19th
16th Amendment
Which term describes one company controlling most or all of an industry?
A. Patronage
B. Urbanization
C. Monopoly
D. Labor union
Monoploy
What does urbanization mean?
A. Growth of farms
B. Growth of cities
C. Breakup of trusts
D. End of immigration
Growth of cities
Which reform most directly addressed powerful trusts and monopolies?
A. Tenement reform
B. Antitrust regulation
C. Women's suffrage
D. Prohibition
Antitrust regulation
Who investigated Standard Oil and unfair big-business practices?
A. Ida Tarbell
B. Susan B. Anthony
C. Jacob Riis
D. W.E.B. Du Bois
Ida Tarbell
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
A. 16th
B. 17th
C. 18th
D. 19th
19th Amendment
Think about the idea that the government should stay mostly out of the economy.
What economic idea was common during the Gilded Age?
Laissez-faire
Political organizations traded jobs or services for loyalty. What were these organizations called?
Political machines
Voters wanted more influence and less political corruption in choosing members of Congress. Which constitutional reform addressed this problem?
17th Amendment / direct election of U.S. senators
He used photographs and writing to show Americans the conditions inside crowded urban tenements. Who was he?
Jacob Riis
This amendment changed how U.S. senators were chosen by allowing voters to elect them directly. Name the amendment.
17th Amendment
Critics used this label when they believed wealthy business leaders gained power through unfair methods. What label was used?
Robber Barons
This system gave government jobs to political supporters rather than based on merit. Name the system.
Patronage
Reformers saw dangerous factories and children working long hours. What type of Progressive reform would most directly address both problems?
Workplace safety and child labor reform
Match the reformer to the cause: settlement houses and assistance for immigrants and the urban poor. Who is the reformer?
Jane Addams
This amendment established Prohibition. Name the amendment AND what it prohibited.
18th Amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating alcohol.
Explain why the SAME industrialist could be described as both a Captain of Industry and a Robber Baron.
They could help grow industry/economy while also being criticized for unfair methods, monopoly power, or treatment of workers.
How did rapid industrialization and urbanization create conditions that helped lead to Progressive reform?
They contributed to problems such as unsafe work, child labor, overcrowded tenements, corruption, and concentrated business power, creating pressure for reform.
A rapidly growing city has overcrowded tenements, poor sanitation, low wages, and families living in unsafe housing. Identify the broader Gilded Age problem AND the type of Progressive response it encouraged.
Urbanization/poor urban conditions: tenements, sanitation, settlement houses, or other urban reforms.
Name TWO reform leaders from this era and explain the problem or cause each one addressed.
Sinclair-meatpacking; Tarbell-Standard Oil; Riis-tenements; Anthony-women's suffrage; Addams-urban poor/immigrants; Wells-lynching/racial violence; Du Bois-civil rights/equality.
Without a word bank, identify Amendments 16, 17, 18, and 19 and state the reform connected to EACH.
16th-federal income tax; 17th-direct election of U.S. senators; 18th-Prohibition; 19th-women's suffrage.