People
Who was elected president in 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
What was the American Civil War?
A conflict between the Northern states (Union) and Southern states (Confederacy) from 1861 to 1865.
What was the conflict over states' rights?
Southern states believed they had the right to make their own decisions about slavery, while the federal government claimed authority over the states.
What event officially began the Civil War?
The Confederate attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861.
Why was the Battle of Fredericksburg important?
It was a costly Confederate victory that resulted in heavy Union casualties and damaged Union morale.
What happened to Stonewall Jackson after the Battle of Chancellorsville?
He was accidentally wounded by Confederate soldiers and later died of pneumonia.
What were the two sides in the Civil War called?
the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South
How did the Civil War affect the South?
The South's economy and infrastructure were devastated and had to be rebuilt.
Why was the First Battle of Bull Run important?
It shattered the belief that the Civil War would be a quick war.
Why was the Siege of Vicksburg important?
It gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.
What was Pickett's Charge?
A massive Confederate frontal assault against the Union center at Gettysburg.
What was the main issue that divided the North and South?
What did the Emancipation Proclamation announce?
It declared that enslaved people in Confederate-held territory would be free beginning January 1, 1863.
What was the Battle of Hampton Roads important for?
It was the first clash between ironclad warships.
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg important?
It was the high-water mark of the Confederacy and a major turning point in the Civil War
Who surrendered at Appomattox Court House?
Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865
Why was slavery important to the Southern economy?
The Southern economy depended heavily on enslaved labor to produce cotton, tobacco, and other cash crops.
What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?
It permanently abolished slavery throughout the United States
Why was the Battle of Shiloh important?
It was the bloodiest battle in American history at that time and helped the Union gain control of the Tennessee River.
What did the 15th Amendment accomplish?
It gave African American men the right to vote.
Why did Southern states see Lincoln's election as a threat?
Lincoln opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories
How did the economies of the North and South differ?
The North had factories, shipping, and small farms, while the South relied heavily on agriculture and cash crops.
What did the 14th Amendment accomplish?
It granted citizenship to all people born in the United States.
Why was the Battle of Antietam significant?
it was the bloodiest single day in American military history and stopped Lee's first invasion of the North.
What were two major results of the Civil War?
The United States was preserved as one nation and slavery was abolished.