Gramática
no Estilo Bahiana
no Estilo Bahiana
“Preventing disease, improving access to healthcare, and reducing health inequalities require cooperation between governments and communities. Public health policies must protect vulnerable populations and ensure that everyone has access to essential care.”
Considering language use in this text, it’s correct to say:
A) The words “Preventing,” “improving,” and “reducing” are examples of verbs in the Present Continuous Tense.
B) The noun “cooperation” is formed from the verb cooperate through the addition of a suffix.
C) The word “healthcare” functions as a verb in the text.
D) The modal verb “must” expresses a lack of necessity.
E) The pronoun “everyone” refers exclusively to healthcare professionals.
Correct answer: B
B) The noun “cooperation” is formed from the verb cooperate through the addition of a suffix.
Regular physical activity can ward off several chronic diseases. Even moderate exercise may reduce the risk of heart disease and help people remain healthy as they age.
The suitable definition of the phrase “ward off” is:
A) Diagnose at an early stage.
B) Cause something to develop rapidly.
C) Prevent something harmful from happening.
D) Recover completely from an illness.
E) Reduce the symptoms temporarily.
Correct answer: C
C) Prevent something harmful from happening.
Antibiotics have transformed medicine by making once-dangerous infections easier to treat. However, their unnecessary or incorrect use has allowed some bacteria to become resistant. Experts warn that preserving the effectiveness of these medicines requires responsible prescribing, appropriate use by patients, and continued investment in new treatments.
The text mainly discusses
A) why antibiotics should be replaced by other medicines.
B) how antibiotic resistance threatens an important medical resource.
C) why bacterial infections have become more common worldwide.
D) how patients can identify antibiotic-resistant infections.
E) why new antibiotics are always more effective than older ones.
Correct answer: B
B) how antibiotic resistance threatens an important medical resource.
Sleep plays an important role in learning and memory. During sleep, the brain processes information acquired throughout the day. Studies also suggest that insufficient sleep can affect attention and decision-making. For teenagers, maintaining regular sleep schedules may therefore contribute to both academic performance and emotional well-being.
According to the text, insufficient sleep may negatively affect a person's ability to
A) process food efficiently.
B) make decisions.
C) communicate emotions.
D) prevent infections.
E) perform physical exercise.
Correct answer: B
B) make decisions.
“Doctors may recommend regular physical activity because it can reduce the risk of chronic diseases. A patient’s treatment, however, should always consider their individual needs and medical history.”
Considering language use in this text, it’s correct to say:
A) The modal verb “may” expresses an obligation imposed on doctors.
B) The word “because” introduces an idea of contrast.
C) The ’s in “patient’s treatment” indicates possession or association.
D) The modal verb “can” indicates that reducing the risk of chronic diseases is impossible.
E) The word “their” is an object pronoun referring to doctors.
Correct answer: C
C) The ’s in “patient’s treatment” indicates possession or association.
Sleep deprivation can take a toll on mental health. Over time, insufficient sleep may affect concentration, emotional balance, and a person’s ability to cope with stress.
The suitable definition of the phrase “take a toll on” is:
A) Have a harmful effect on something.
B) Provide protection against something.
C) Cause an immediate and complete change.
D) Keep something under careful observation.
E) Make something easier to understand.
Correct answer: A
A) Have a harmful effect on something.
Medical technology has made it possible to monitor patients remotely through digital devices. These tools can send information about heart rate, blood pressure, or glucose levels to healthcare professionals. Although they cannot replace all medical appointments, they may help doctors detect problems earlier and follow patients more closely.
The central idea of the text is that remote monitoring
A) can support medical care without completely replacing traditional appointments.
B) has made regular contact between doctors and patients unnecessary.
C) is mainly useful for patients requiring emergency treatment.
D) allows patients to interpret medical information without professional assistance.
E) should become the primary method for diagnosing most diseases.
Correct answer: A
A) can support medical care without completely replacing traditional appointments.
Regular physical activity offers benefits beyond strengthening muscles and improving cardiovascular health. Exercise can also reduce stress and improve sleep quality. Health professionals emphasize that people do not necessarily need intense workouts: activities such as brisk walking can provide important benefits when performed regularly.
According to the text, significant health benefits
A) require daily high-intensity exercise.
B) are mainly associated with muscle development.
C) can result from regular moderate activities.
D) depend on exercising under professional supervision.
E) are unlikely to result from walking.
Correct answer: C
C) can result from regular moderate activities.
Vaccines protect people from diseases that can cause serious complications. They also help reduce the spread of infections in communities.
About the words in bold, it is correct to say:
A) “that” introduces a relative clause and refers to diseases.
B) “They” refers to diseases.
C) “that” can be replaced by what without changing the structure.
D) “They” is an object pronoun.
E) “protect” is functioning as a noun.
Correct answer: A
A) “that” introduces a relative clause and refers to diseases.
“Mental health is influenced by many interconnected factors, including relationships, working conditions, physical health, financial security, and access to social support.”
In this statement, mental health is presented as a phenomenon whose causes are
A) isolated.
B) straightforward.
C) far-reaching.
D) irrelevant.
E) predictable.
Correct answer: C) far-reaching.
People often associate healthy aging with avoiding disease. However, researchers increasingly emphasize other factors, such as independence, meaningful relationships, mental well-being, and participation in community life. This broader perspective suggests that growing older successfully involves not only physical health but also maintaining purpose and social connections.
According to the text, healthy aging should be understood as
A) the complete absence of chronic illnesses in later life.
B) a process determined primarily by medical treatment.
C) a multidimensional process that extends beyond physical health.
D) the ability to remain professionally active throughout old age.
E) a condition that depends mainly on individual lifestyle choices.
Correct answer: C
C) a multidimensional process that extends beyond physical health.
Telemedicine expanded rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing many patients to consult healthcare professionals without leaving home. It remains particularly useful for people living far from medical centers. However, physical examinations and certain procedures still require patients and healthcare professionals to meet in person.
According to the text, an in-person appointment may still be necessary when
A) a patient lives far from a hospital.
B) medical advice concerns prevention.
C) a consultation is relatively short.
D) a physical examination is required.
E) patients have previously used telemedicine.
Correct answer: D
D) a physical examination is required.
Regular exercise can improve heart health. This is one reason why doctors often encourage patients to stay physically active.
About the words in bold, it is correct to say:
A) “This” refers specifically to heart.
B) “why” introduces a question about exercise.
C) “This” functions as an object pronoun.
D) “why” connects reason to a clause explaining it.
E) “active” is functioning as a noun.
Correct answer: D
D) “why” connects reason to a clause explaining it.
“Vaccination protects not only those who receive vaccines but also vulnerable people who cannot be vaccinated, reducing disease transmission throughout communities.”
In this statement, the benefits of vaccination are portrayed as
A) short-lived.
B) wide-ranging.
C) questionable.
D) individual.
E) negligible.
Correct answer: B) wide-ranging.
Vaccines protect individuals against infectious diseases, but their effects extend beyond those who receive them. When enough people are protected, transmission becomes more difficult, which can benefit people who are especially vulnerable. Vaccination programs therefore demonstrate how individual health decisions can also have consequences for entire communities.
The main point made in the text is that vaccination
A) eliminates the need for other public-health measures.
B) primarily benefits people who already have serious diseases.
C) is effective only when every member of a community is vaccinated.
D) can produce both individual and collective health benefits.
E) should be considered a personal decision without broader consequences.
Correct answer: D
D) can produce both individual and collective health benefits.
Excessive consumption of added sugar has been associated with several health problems. Although soft drinks are a well-known source, sugar can also be present in products that consumers may not consider particularly sweet. Reading food labels can help people recognize these less obvious sources and make more informed dietary choices.
The text specifically indicates that reading food labels can help consumers
A) identify unexpected sources of sugar.
B) determine whether food is naturally produced.
C) completely eliminate sugar from their diets.
D) distinguish healthy sugar from harmful sugar.
E) calculate their individual nutritional requirements.
Correct answer: A
A) identify unexpected sources of sugar.
Some patients worry that vaccines may cause serious reactions. Doctors can explain the evidence to them and answer their questions.
About the words in bold, it is correct to say:
A) “that” refers back to patients.
B) “that” introduces a noun clause functioning as the object of worry.
C) “them” refers to vaccines.
D) “them” is a subject pronoun.
E) “evidence” is functioning as an adjective.
Correct answer: B
B) “that” introduces a noun clause functioning as the object of worry.
Living with a chronic illness can be challenging. Patients may need to cope with persistent symptoms, keep track of their medication, and cut back on unhealthy habits. Although these changes may initially seem daunting, proper medical support can help patients come to terms with their condition and maintain a good quality of life.
The word or expression in bold in the text has not been correctly defined in
A) “cope with” — deal successfully with a difficult situation.
B) “keep track of” — remain informed about or carefully monitor something.
C) “cut back on” — reduce the amount or frequency of something.
D) “daunting” — easy and unlikely to cause concern.
E) “come to terms with” — gradually accept a difficult situation.
Correct answer: D.
D) “daunting” — easy and unlikely to cause concern.
Mental health care has traditionally focused on treating people after significant problems appear. Increasingly, however, specialists argue for preventive approaches. Schools, workplaces, families, and health services can help identify risk factors and provide support earlier, potentially reducing the impact of mental health difficulties before they become more severe.
The text emphasizes the importance of
A) restricting mental health treatment to specialized medical institutions.
B) replacing professional treatment with support from families and schools.
C) waiting for clear symptoms before offering psychological assistance.
D) focusing mental health policies mainly on severe disorders.
E) addressing mental health difficulties before they become more serious.
Correct answer: E
E) addressing mental health difficulties before they become more serious.
Vaccination during pregnancy can sometimes provide protection beyond the pregnant person. Certain antibodies produced after vaccination can pass to the baby, offering temporary protection during the first months of life. This can be particularly valuable before infants are old enough to receive some vaccines themselves.
According to the text, some babies may receive temporary protection because
A) vaccines remain active in their bodies throughout childhood.
B) infants naturally produce antibodies before birth.
C) newborns can receive all vaccines immediately after birth.
D) pregnancy makes babies permanently resistant to infections.
E) antibodies can pass from the pregnant person to the baby.
Correct answer: E
E) antibodies can pass from the pregnant person to the baby.